Table 5. Multivariate models for modern contraceptive use, PMA2020, Kinshasa, DRC.
| Model 1η | Model 2ξ | Model 3ψ | Model 4ς | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOR | SE | AOR | SE | AOR | SE | AOR | SE | |
| Number of SDPs offer FP | 1.04 | 0.05 | 1.09* | 0.06 | 1.08 | 0.06 | 1.20 | 0.18 |
| Number of methods per EA | 1.09** | 0.04 | 1.00 | 0.05 | 1.00 | 0.05 | 1.15 | 0.23 |
| Number of SDPs > 3 methods | 1.01 | 0.06 | 1.02 | 0.06 | 1.03 | 0.06 | 0.97 | 0.17 |
| Number of SDPs > 5 methods | 1.04 | 0.06 | 1.07 | 0.07 | 1.01 | 0.07 | 1.18 | 0.24 |
| Number of days SDPs | 0.92** | 0.03 | 0.94** | 0.03 | 0.95 | 0.03 | 0.86* | 0.07 |
| Number of SDPs with LAPM | 0.97 | 0.04 | 0.99 | 0.05 | 1.00 | 0.05 | 1.28* | 0.19 |
| Number of SDPs insert implant | 0.91 | 0.08 | 0.94 | 0.08 | 0.94 | 0.08 | 0.49*** | 0.11 |
| Number of SDPs insert IUD | 1.04 | 0.09 | 1.03 | 0.10 | 1.05 | 0.10 | 0.81 | 0.23 |
| Number of SDPs stocked-out | 1.01 | 0.01 | 1.00 | 0.01 | 0.99 | 0.01 | 0.92** | 0.03 |
| Number of SDPs with fees | 1.01** | 0.01 | 1.01** | 0.01 | 1.01 | 0.01 | 1.12 | 0.12 |
| Number of SDPs with water and electricity | 0.95 | 0.03 | 0.94* | 0.03 | 0.94* | 0.03 | 0.85** | 0.06 |
| Age | ||||||||
| 15–24 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| 25–34 | 1.54*** | 0.13 | 1.55*** | 0.14 | 1.57*** | 0.14 | ||
| 35–49 | 1.19 | 0.2 | 1.17 | 0.2 | 1.16 | 0.2 | ||
| Level of education | ||||||||
| No education | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| Primary school | 0.95 | 0.17 | 0.92 | 0.17 | 0.96 | 0.18 | ||
| Middle secondary | 1.04 | 0.18 | 1.00 | 0.18 | 1.06 | 0.19 | ||
| Advanced secondary+ | 1.39* | 0.27 | 1.35 | 0.26 | 1.42 | 0.28 | ||
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Married | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| Never married | 1.45** | 0.21 | 1.45** | 0.21 | 1.50** | 0.22 | ||
| Sep/div/wid | 0.79* | 0.11 | 0.8* | 0.11 | 0.82 | 0.11 | ||
| Household wealth | ||||||||
| Quantile 1 (lowest) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| Quantile 2 | 0.93 | 0.08 | 0.93 | 0.08 | 0.93 | 0.09 | ||
| Quantile 3 | 0.95 | 0.09 | 0.97 | 0.09 | 0.97 | 0.09 | ||
| Quantile 4 | 0.91 | 0.09 | 0.94 | 0.10 | 0.92 | 0.09 | ||
| Quantile 5 | 0.83* | 0.09 | 0.87 | 0.09 | 0.85 | 0.09 | ||
| Number of FP methods known | 1.08*** | 0.01 | 1.07*** | 0.01 | 1.07*** | 0.01 | ||
| Sexually active (binary) | 3.84*** | 0.25 | 3.8*** | 0.24 | 3.78*** | 0.24 | ||
| Desire for more children (binary) | 0.77*** | 0.06 | 0.77*** | 0.06 | 0.76*** | 0.06 | ||
| Parity | 1.27*** | 0.03 | 1.27*** | 0.03 | 1.27*** | 0.03 | ||
| Number of FP message received | ||||||||
| 0 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| 1 | 1.32*** | 0.09 | 1.31*** | 0.09 | 1.29*** | 0.09 | ||
| 2 | 1.4*** | 0.1 | 1.34*** | 0.1 | 1.33*** | 0.1 | ||
| 3 | 1.57*** | 0.19 | 1.53*** | 0.18 | 1.55*** | 0.19 | ||
| Round of PMA2020 | ||||||||
| 2 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| 3 | 0.91 | 0.07 | 0.73*** | 0.07 | 4.5 | 13.68 | ||
| 4 | 1.15* | 0.09 | 0.93 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.18 | ||
| 5 | 1.18* | 0.11 | 0.95 | 0.1 | 0.73 | 1.95 | ||
| EA-level number of FP methods known | 1.21*** | 0.06 | 1 | 0.18 | ||||
| EA-level wealth | 0.95 | 0.04 | 1.02 | 0.09 | ||||
| EA-level age | 1.01 | 0.03 | 0.99 | 0.06 | ||||
| EA-level final decision on FP | 6.06*** | 1.82 | 5.32** | 3.28 | ||||
| EA-level parity | 0.92 | 0.12 | 1.05 | 0.28 | ||||
| N | 10882 | 10882 | 10882 | 10882 | ||||
| LR chi2 | 26.77** | 104.42*** | 65.92*** | 82.33** | ||||
* Significant at *p ≤ 0.10;
**p ≤0.05;
***p ≤ 0.01. AOR: adjusted odds ratio, SE: standard error, LAPM: long-acting permanent method.
η Controlled for EA-level SDP variables.
ξ Controlled for EA-level SDP variables and individual-level women’s characteristics.
ψ Controlled for EA-level SDP variables, individual women’s characteristics, and EA-level community variables.
ς Controlled EA-level SDP variables, individual women’s characteristics, EA-level community variables, the interaction of time (round) and EA-level SDP variables.