Table 3. Characteristics associated with Covid-19 illness severity among all hospitalized patients.
| Age- and Sex-Adjusted Models | Multivariable-Adjusted Model† | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age, per 10 years | 1.13 (0.97,1.32) | 0.12 | 1.14 (0.98,1.34) | 0.09 |
| Male sex | 2.36 (1.29,4.34) | 0.006 | 2.53 (1.36,4.70) | 0.003 |
| African American race | 1.85 (0.92,3.71) | 0.08 | 1.78 (0.88,3.58) | 0.11 |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 1.31 (0.60,2.86) | 0.49 | - | - |
| Obesity | 1.32 (0.66,2.65) | 0.44 | - | - |
| Hypertension | 1.33 (0.72,2.46) | 0.37 | - | - |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.15 (0.63,2.09) | 0.65 | - | - |
| Elixhauser comorbidity score, per SD | 1.04 (0.81,1.34) | 0.74 | - | - |
| Prior myocardial infarction or heart failure | 0.95 (0.47,1.94) | 0.89 | - | - |
| Prior COPD or asthma | 0.77 (0.38,1.54) | 0.46 | - | - |
| ACE inhibitor use | 0.45 (0.15,1.34) | 0.15 | 0.48 (0.16,1.43) | 0.19 |
| Angiotensin receptor blocker use | 1.45 (0.65,3.21) | 0.36 | - | - |
*The secondary outcome of Covid-19 illness severity score in hospitalized patients was defined as an ordinal variable wherein: 1 = referents required admission but never ICU level care, 2 = required ICU level care but never intubate, 3 = required intubation.
†To avoid model overfitting given the sample size, covariates included in the multivariable model were selected from age- and sex-adjusted models based on significance with P<0.20.