Table 1.
Participant characteristics at recruitment by sex and incident case status for any stroke in the EPIC study
| Characteristic | Men |
Women |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All men | Men who developed stroke | All women | Women who developed stroke | |
| Number of participants (%) | 140 117 (33.5) | 3635 (0.9) | 278 212 (66.5) | 3743 (0.9) |
| Age, year (SD) | 52.0 (10.1) | 59.1 (7.8) | 50.4 (10.4) | 60.0 (9.2) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 (SD) | 26.6 (3.7) | 27.1 (3.8) | 25.6 (4.5) | 26.5 (4.7) |
| Alcohol in current drinkers, g/day (SD) | 21.3 (23.1) | 22.6 (25.2) | 8.0 (11.0) | 8.6 (12.3) |
| Not current alcohol drinker, n (%) | 6288 (4.5) | 176 (4.8) | 30 487 (11.0) | 483 (12.9) |
| Smoking status and cigarettes/day, n (%) | ||||
| Never smoker | 46 878 (33.9) | 985 (27.4) | 146 424 (53.4) | 1845 (49.6) |
| Former smoker | 50 158 (36.3) | 1303 (36.2) | 65 583 (23.9) | 795 (21.4) |
| Current smoker, <10 or number unknown | 14 184 (10.3) | 405 (11.3) | 17 469 (6.4) | 250 (6.7) |
| Current smoker, 10–19 | 10 435 (7.6) | 368 (10.2) | 26 359 (9.6) | 492 (13.2) |
| Current smoker, ≥20 | 16 493 (11.9) | 538 (14.9) | 18 181 (6.6) | 337 (9.1) |
| Highest level of education completed, n (%) | ||||
| None or primary | 46 562 (34.2) | 1683 (47.7) | 90 273 (33.8) | 1680 (48.1) |
| Secondary | 18 468 (13.5) | 346 (9.8) | 47 535 (17.8) | 384 (11.0) |
| Vocational or university | 71 312 (52.3) | 1496 (42.4) | 129 338 (48.4) | 1429 (40.9) |
| Cambridge physical activity index, n (%) | ||||
| Inactive | 25 898 (18.9) | 921 (25.8) | 62 710 (23.0) | 1257 (34.1) |
| Moderately inactive | 42 910 (31.3) | 1102 (30.8) | 90 308 (33.2) | 1238 (33.5) |
| Moderately active | 34 218 (25.0) | 793 (22.2) | 72 553 (26.7) | 684 (18.5) |
| Active | 34 028 (24.8) | 759 (21.2) | 46 585 (17.1) | 512 (13.9) |
| Employed or student, n (%) | 94 176 (75.9) | 1913 (59.0) | 160 758 (64.8) | 1440 (42.5) |
| History of diabetes, n (%) | 4648 (3.4) | 278 (8.0) | 6038 (2.3) | 252 (7.1) |
| Previous hypertension, n (%) | 26 946 (20.1) | 1106 (32.2) | 48 910 (18.5) | 1345 (37.3) |
| Previous hyperlipidaemia, n (%) | 23 569 (20.2) | 505 (21.0) | 27 938 (13.6) | 466 (18.5) |
| Region, n (%)a | ||||
| Northern Europe | 46 925 (33.5) | 2185 (60.1) | 93 896 (33.7) | 1814 (48.5) |
| Central Europe | 53 642 (38.3) | 789 (21.7) | 112 631 (40.5) | 1297 (34.7) |
| Southern Europe | 39 550 (28.2) | 661 (18.2) | 71 685 (25.8) | 632 (16.9) |
Values are means (SD) or number (%), as indicated on the row.
a
Northern Europe: Denmark, Norway, and Sweden; Central Europe: Germany, Netherlands, and UK; Southern Europe: Greece, Italy, and Spain.