Table 1.
Characteristics and responses of 960 participants
| Characteristic | No. (%) |
|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), year | 33 (23.0–43.0) |
| Sex, female | 617 (64.3) |
| Type of healthcare worker: | |
| aDoctor | 280 (29.2) |
| bNurse | 625 (65.1) |
| cOthers | 55 (5.7) |
| Main working area: | |
| Fever outpatient department | 15 (1.6) |
| General outpatient department or community | 12 (1.3) |
| General patient room (non-intensive care unit) | 100 (10.4) |
| Intensive care unit | 556 (57.9) |
| Fangcang shelter hospital | 188 (19.6) |
| Emergency department | 30 (3.1) |
| Testing room | 9 (0.9) |
| Cleaning area | 5 (0.5) |
| Laboratory | 4 (0.4) |
| Operating room | 4 (0.4) |
| Imaging examination area | 4 (0.4) |
| Others (pharmacy, administrative area, transfer vehicle, and others) | 33 (3.4) |
| Providing direct care to a confirmed patient | 926 (96.5) |
| dPerforming any aerosol-generating procedures on the patient | 577 (60.1) |
| Accidental contact with body fluid/respiratory secretions of a confirmed patient | |
| Any | 72 (7.5) |
| In the mucous membrane of eyes | 26 (2.7) |
| In the mucous membrane of mouth/nose | 27 (2.8) |
| On non-intact skin | 40 (4.2) |
| Puncture/sharp accident with any material contaminated with biological fluid/respiratory secretions | 24 (2.5) |
| Duration with PPE per day, median (IQR), hour | 6 (5.0–7.0) |
| Consecutive days with PPE, median (IQR), day | 40 (16.0–64.0) |
| Always or most of time adhere to PPE protocols as trained | 946 (98.6) |
| Adverse event: | |
| Any | 838 (87.3) |
| Skin squeeze | 598 (62.3) |
| Dyspnoea | 593 (61.8) |
| Dizziness | 555 (57.8) |
| Headache | 516 (53.8) |
| Rash | 222 (23.1) |
| Dry skin | 199 (20.7) |
| Allergy | 162 (16.9) |
| Dermatitis | 146 (15.2) |
| Maceration | 142 (14.8) |
| Conjunctivitis | 61 (6.4) |
| Stumble | 59 (6.1) |
| Real-time RT-PCR test (three times): | |
| Negative | 960 (100.0) |
| Positive | 0 |
| Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM test: | |
| Negative | 672 (70.0) |
| Positive | 0 |
| Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG test: | |
| Negative | 672 (70.0) |
| Positive | 0 |
IQR, interquartile range; PPE, personal protective equipment; RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction.
a
Mainly including medical doctor, physician assistant, radiology technician, ophthalmologist, physical therapist, respiratory therapist, midwife, psychotherapist, nutritionist, and physiotherapist.
b
Mainly including registered nurse, assistant nurse, and nurse technician.
c
Mainly including laboratory personnel, pharmacist, pharmacy technician or dispenser, administrator, admission/reception clerk, patient transporter, and cleaner.
d
Mainly including nebulizer treatment, open airway suctioning, collection of sputum, tracheotomy bronchoscopy, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.