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. 2020 Jul 16;8:388. doi: 10.3389/fped.2020.00388

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Copyright © 2020 Merino, Slisarenko, Taylor, Falkenstein, Gilbert, Bohm, Blanchard, Ardeshir, Didier, Kim and Kuroda.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Plasma cytokine concentrations were compared among age groups of pediatric rhesus macaques during the first year of life. Plotted data are shown for (A) IL-2, (B) IL-1β, (C) TNFα, (D) IL-17, (E) IL-6, (F) MCP-1, (G) sCD40L, and (H) IL-18. Results represent Research NR (black circles), Colony NR (blue circles), and Colony MR (orange circles) animals as well as those born outdoors (open circles) and indoors (filled circles). Results were plotted for each data point (mean ± st. dev. per age group). Statistical analyses were by based on results of age-binned samples in the Colony MR animals using the Kruskal-Wallis test coupled with Dunn's multiple comparisons test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001.