Table 13.

Glycemic control targets

Level of control	Ideal (non‐diabetes)	Appropriate	Inappropriate (intervention suggested)	High risk (intervention required)
Clinical evaluation
Hyperglycemia	Not present	Asymptomatic	Polydipsia, polyuria and/or enuresis	Visual impairment, poor weight gain, growth impairment, late puberty, poor school attendance, skin or pudendal infection, and/or angiopathy
Hypoglycemia	Not present	No severe hypoglycemia	Severe hypoglycemia (impaired consciousness, convulsion)
Biochemical evaluation
SMBG value (mg/dL)
Early morning/preprandial value	65–100	90–145	>145	>162
PG* value (mg/dL)
PPG**	80–126	90–180	180–250	>250
Bedtime PG	80–100	120–180	<120 or 180–200	<80 or >200
Nighttime PG	65–100	<80–161	<75 or >162	<70 or >200
HbA1c (%)	<6.5	<7.5	7.5–9.0	>9.0

*PG, plasma glucose; **PPG, postprandial plasma glucose.

(1) All values given above are intended as a guide only and the glycemic control target should be determined individually to ensure it will not be associated with severe hypoglycemia or frequent mild‐to‐moderate hypoglycemia and will help achieve glycemic control as near‐normal as possible in each patient. (2) All values given above should be modified for each patient depending on whether he/she has a prior history of severe hypoglycemia or hypoglycemia unawareness. (3) PG value is given as plasma glucose value in self‐monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). (Adapted from Rewers M et al. Pediatr Diabetes 2014 ¹⁶ ).