Table 2.
Findings at times of COVID-19 and pulmonary embolism diagnoses*
| Variable | N = 101 | Reference Ranges |
|---|---|---|
| On admission | ||
| Bilateral patchy opacity (X-ray) | 53 (52%) | |
| White blood cell (109/L) | 9.5 (± 4.5) | 3.8 – 10.5 |
| Lymphocyte (109/L) | 1.0 (± 0.9) | 1.0 – 3.3 |
| Platelet (109/L) | 265.0 (± 98.0) | 150 – 450 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 135.5 (± 5.8) | 135 – 145 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.1 (± 0.5) | 0.5 – 1.2 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 56.0 (± 44.0) | 10 – 40 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 51.0 (± 46.0) | 10 – 45 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 558.5 (± 283.8) | 50 – 242 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 1467.2 (± 1314.0) | 15 – 400 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | 66.5 (± 90.6) | 0 – 10 |
| International normalized ratio | 1.3 (± 0.2) | 0.9 – 1.2 |
| D-dimer (ng/ml) | 4647.0 (± 8281.8) | 0 – 229 |
| At the time of PE diagnosis | Definitions | |
| Tachycardia Hypotension Hypoxia Fever |
36 (36%) 3 (3%) 71 (70%) 8 (8%) |
Heart rate > 100 BPM Systolic < 90 mmHg O2 saturation < 90% Body temp > 38 °C |
| Sinus tachycardia Supraventricular tachycardia Right bundle branch block Right ventricular strain pattern S1Q3T3 pattern |
38 (38%) 5 (5%) 17 (17%) 15 (15%) 9 (%) |
|
| Pulmonary Computed Tomography Angiography: Saddle embolism Bilateral PE Right ventricular strain |
2 (2%) 47 (47%) 47 (47%) |
|
| Transthoracic echocardiography†: Ejection fraction (%) Right ventricle dysfunction Left ventricular dysfunction Pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (mmHg) Intracardiac thrombus |
48.8 (± 26.3) 14 (34%) 5 (12%) 37.1 (± 18.7) 3 (7%) |
|
| Pulmonary Embolism Class: Low risk Sub-massive Massive |
23 (23%) 75 (75%) 3 (3%) |
|
| D-dimer (ng/ml) | 13288.4 (± 14917.9) | 0 - 229 |
| High sensitivity troponin (ng/L) | 49.1 (± 141.0) | <6 – 14 |
| Creatine kinase (U/L) | 221.0 (± 319.0) | 25 – 200 |
| Brain-type natriuretic peptide (pg/mL) | 1890.5 (± 2875.0) | 0 – 99 |
⁎
Values are presented as no (%) or mean (± standard deviation) where applicable.
†
Transthoracic studies performed in 41 patients. Calculated percentages for right and left ventricular dysfunction, as well as Ejection fraction was based on this number of patients. Pulmonary arterial systolic pressure was only able to be estimated on 29 patients as tricuspid regurgitation velocity envelope were not well visualized in the other cases.