Skip to main content
. 2020 Jan 16;9(1):205–229. doi: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.1.205

Table 1. Quality assessment of cross-sectional studies based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Cross-sectional study (n=42) Selection Comparability Outcome Total
Representative samples Justice of sample size Satisfactory response rate Validated tool for exposure measurement Controlling for confounding factors Outcome assessment Appropriate statistical test
Hong and Kim (2017)38 - ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 9
Kang and Kim (2016)42 - ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 9
Cha and Park (2019)29 ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 10
Chung et al. (2019)34 - ☆☆ 7
Yang et al. (2019)89 ☆☆ 8
Song et al. (2017)84 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 9
Shin et al. (2018)77 - ☆☆ 8
Noh et al. (2017)66 7
Lee and Cho (2017)61 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Kim and Kim (2016)42 - - ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Kim and Je (2018)51 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Kwon et al. (2010)54 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Joo et al. (2016)41 - ☆☆ 7
Kim (2013)45 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Park et al. (2010)72 ☆☆ ☆☆ 9
Ha et al. (2018)36 ☆☆ 8
Song et al. (2017)87 - ☆☆ 7
Lee et al. (2018)63 - ☆☆ 7
Park et al. (2016)70 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Oh and No (2018)67 - ☆☆ 7
Oh et al. (2017)68 - ☆☆ 7
Choi and Bae (2015)33 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Lee et al. (2013)55 - ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 9
Shin and Kim (2019)81 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Park et al. (2015)71 - ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 9
Seo et al. (2019)73 ☆☆ ☆☆ 9
Shin et al. (2018)82 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Shin et al. (2017)79 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Shin et al. (2019)80 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Lee et al. (2017)58 - ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 9
Shin et al. (2017)78 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Kim and Kim (2018)47 - ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 9
Ha et al. (2018)35 ☆☆ 8
Lee and Cho (2014)60 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Kim and Jo (2011)46 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Shin et al. (2014)75 - ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 9
Kim et al. (2019)49 - ☆☆ 7
Lee et al. (2011)59 - - ☆☆ ☆☆ 7
Na et al. (2019)64 - - ☆☆ 6
Cho et al. (2011)31 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Choi et al. (2015)32 - ☆☆ ☆☆ 8
Hong et al. (2012)37 - - ☆☆ 6