Table 3. Treatment according to risk and LDL-C concentration.

Risk		LDL-C, mg/dL
		<70	70–99	100–129	130–159	160–189	≥190
Very high-risk group*		Lifestyle modification and consider drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy
	Coronary artery disease
	Atherosclerotic ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack
	Peripheral artery disease
High-risk group		Lifestyle modification	Lifestyle modification and consider drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy
	Carotid artery disease†
	Abdominal aneurysm
	Diabetes‡
Moderate-risk group§		Lifestyle modification	Lifestyle modification	Lifestyle modification and consider drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy
	Two or more major risk factors
Low-risk group§		Lifestyle modification	Lifestyle modification	Lifestyle modification	Lifestyle modification and consider drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy	Lifestyle modification and begin drug therapy
	One or fewer major risk factors

LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol.

^*In case of acute myocardial infarction, begin statin therapy immediately regardless of the baseline LDL-C. Statin therapy may be considered for very high-risk group other than acute myocardial infarction even if LDL-C is <70 mg/dL.

^†In case of significant stenosis of the carotid artery

^‡Level of risk may be raised depending on the patient if patient has target organ damage or major cardiovascular disease risk factor.

^§For moderate-risk and low-risk groups, statin therapy is considered when high LDL-C persists even after weeks or months of lifestyle modification.