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. 2020 Jul 17;11:396. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00396

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Copyright © 2020 Arjmand, Tayanloo-Beik, Foroughi Heravani, Alaei, Payab, Alavi-Moghadam, Goodarzi, Gholami and Larijani.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Zebrafish as a model for metabolic and endocrine diseases. Zebrafish is used as an appropriate model for preclinical study of different metabolic diseases like obesity, diabetes and fatty liver, and also some other endocrine disorders such as adrenal insufficiency and thyroid diseases. The models are generated by different approaches including diet, genetic manipulation, surgery, and chemical induced destruction of β cells in pancreas, some examples of which are shown in this figure. Additionally, it can be seen that there are different kinds of procedures used to model the diseases in each stage of zebrafish lifecycle. For instance, the diet of diabetic larva model is not similar to its adult model or various mutations (yet similar) result in fatty liver in larva and adult zebrafish. T1DM, Type1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM, Type2 diabetes mellitus; NAFLD, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH, Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; Tg, Transgenic line; IGF1R, Insulin-like growth factor1 receptor; EGFP, Enhanced green fluorescent protein; NTR, Nitroreductase; MTZ, Metronidazole; AgRP, Agouti-related protein; cyp2r1, Cytochrome p450 family2 subfamily R member1; plxnd1, Plexin D1; cdipt, Cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol-inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase; pck1, Phosphoenolpyruvate-carboxykinase, Luc2, Luciferase gene; vmp1, Vacuole membrane protein1; il1b, Interleukin 1 beta; fdx1, Ferredoxin1; rx3, Retinal homeobox gene3; lia, Limabsent; ndr2, Nodal related gene (Cyclops) (9, 50, 62, 85, 86, 93–104).