Figure 4.

TGR‐1551 sieve elements occluded with protein. Note that even sieve elements that have not been touched by the stylets also are plugged. Sieve plates 1 and 2 (sp1 and sp2) are at either end of the penetrated sieve element; sp3 and sp4 are sieve plates from a sieve element that was not in contact with any portion of the stylets and was not in the same sieve tube as the penetrated sieve element nor were there any salivary sheaths that indicated it had been touched by the stylets prior to cryofixation. This sample was cryofixed 203 s after initial penetration of the sieve element. The aphid was engaged in waveform E1 the entire 203 s. pro, protein occlusion; ss, stylet shaft; st, stylet tips.