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. 2020 Jul 24;18:89. doi: 10.1186/s12915-020-00822-3

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Distribution of ichnovirus sequences within Campoletis sonorensis and Hyposoter didymator genomes. A Schematic representation of ichnovirus sequences within wasp genome scaffolds. (a) C. sonorensis scaffolds containing viral loci. C. sonorensis ichnovirus (CsIV) segments are named CsA to CsX8. Segments CsP and CsL, located in short scaffolds, are not shown. IVSPER-1 to IVSPER-5 corresponds to clusters of replication genes; U36L and U37L to isolated replication genes. (b) H. didymator scaffolds containing viral loci. H. didymator ichnovirus (HdIV) segments are named Hd1 to Hd51. Segments Hd45.1, Hd46, and Hd51, located in short scaffolds, are not shown. IVSPER-1 to IVSPER-5 corresponds to clusters of replication genes; the isolated replication gene U37, located in a short scaffold, is not shown. Complete scaffold list available in Additional file 4: Table S5. B Segments duplicated in H. didymator genome. Segments Hd23 (Genbank# KJ586309.1), Hd44 (Genbank# KJ586285.1) and Hd45 (Genbank# KJ586284.1), described as part of the packaged HdIV genome in [36], have two copies (named Hd(n).1 and Hd(n).2) that are either in the same scaffold (Hd23.1 and Hd23.2, Hd44.1, and Hd44.2) but in different insertion sites or in two different scaffold (Hd45.1 and Hd45.2). Nucleotide percentage identity between the two related segment sequences is given on the right part of the figure. By contrast, Hd9 (Genbank# KJ586324.1), initially described as a separate segment, is located in a genomic locus composed of a tandemly duplicated sequence (“copy 1” and “copy 2” in the diagram). C FISH on H. didymator chromosomes using BAC genomic clones containing HdIV segments. Upper panel shows hybridization using the probes containing segments Hd11 (labeled with FITC) and Hd6 (labeled with rhodamine); lower panel the probes containing viral segments Hd30 (labeled with FITC) and Hd29 (labeled with rhodamine). Each of the probes hybridized with a different H. didymator chromosome: Hd11 hybridized with chromosome #12, Hd6 to a medium-sized chromosome (potentially #5), Hd30 with chromosome #2 and Hd29 with chromosome #11