Table 2.
Univariate and multivariable analyses to assess the predictive value in prostate cancer detection and specificity at 95% and 90% sensitivity
| Specificity (%) | AUC | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensitivity | 95%(CI) | 90%(CI) | ||
| Training set | ||||
| Univariate | ||||
| tPSA | 9 (5–17) | 18 (11–26) | 0.56 (0.49–0.63) | 0.115 |
| fPSA | 8 (3–14) | 12 (7–20) | 0.58 (0.51–0.65) | 0.036 |
| %fPSA | 1 (0–5) | 20 (13–28) | 0.66 (0.59–0.73) | <0.001 |
| CTSD | 4 (1–9) | 11 (6–19) | 0.57 (0.49–0.64) | 0.073 |
| THBS1 | 31 (22–41) | 53 (43–63) | 0.81 (0.75–0.87) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable | ||||
| THBS1 + CTSD | 33 (24–43) | 55 (45–65) | 0.82 (0.76–0.87) | <0.001 |
| %fPSA + THBS1 + CTSD | 32 (23–42) | 53 (43–63) | 0.83 (0.78–0.88) | <0.001 |
| Validation set | ||||
| Univariate | ||||
| tPSA | 12 (7–19) | 22 (14.9–29.8) | 0.52 (0.45–0.6) | 0.514 |
| fPSA | 11 (6–18) | 34 (26–43) | 0.59 (0.52–0.66) | 0.019 |
| %fPSA | 11 (6–18) | 23 (16–31) | 0.64 (0.57–0.71) | <0.001 |
| CTSD | 7 (3–13) | 12 (7–19) | 0.58 (0.5–0.65) | 0.044 |
| THBS1 | 35 (27–44) | 50 (42–60) | 0.84 (0.79–0.89) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable | ||||
| THBS1 + CTSD | 35 (27–44) | 57 (48–65) | 0.85 (0.8–0.9) | <0.001 |
| %fPSA + THBS1 + CTSD | 34 (26–43) | 62 (53–70) | 0.86 (0.82–0.91) | <0.001 |
%fPSA, percentage of free PSA to total PSA ratio; AUC, area under the curve; CTSD, cathepsin D; fPSA, free PSA; THBS1, thrombospondin 1; tPSA, total PSA.