Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population
| 0.9% Saline Solution (N = 251) | Balanced Salt Solution (N = 242) | |
|---|---|---|
| Demographic Findings | ||
| Age, y | 70.6 ± 10.2 | 71.3 ± 10.4 |
| Male sex | 178 (70.9%) | 167 (69.0%) |
| Height, cm | 162.2 ± 7.9 | 162.3 ± 8.1 |
| Weight, kg | 63.7 ± 11.0 | 63.9 ± 10.2 |
| Comorbid Conditions and Medication History | ||
| Hypertension | 200 (79.7%) | 171 (70.7%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 135 (53.8%) | 106 (43.8%) |
| RAAS inhibitor | 107 (42.6%) | 93 (38.4%) |
| β-Blocker | 51 (20.9%) | 46 (19.3%) |
| Calcium channel blocker | 99 (40.6%) | 90 (37.8%) |
| Metformin | 37 (15.0%) | 29 (12.2%) |
| Insulin | 25 (10.1%) | 18 (7.6%) |
| Other diabetes medications | 84 (34.1%) | 60 (25.3%) |
| Statin | 97 (39.6%) | 98 (41.2%) |
| Diuretics | 54 (22.0%) | 46 (19.3%) |
| NSAID | 30 (12.2%) | 25 (10.5%) |
| CE-CT contrast amount, mL | 119.0 ± 29.0 | 116.6 ± 27.8 |
| Baseline Laboratory Values | ||
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 130.8 ± 16.6 | 130.7 ± 16.3 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 73.7 ± 10.9 | 74.4 ± 12.2 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 11.8 ± 2.0 | 11.8 ± 2.0 |
| Sodium, mEq/L | 139.7 ± 3.0 | 139.5 ± 3.0 |
| Potassium, mEq/L | 4.6 ± 0.5 | 4.6 ± 0.6 |
| Chloride, mEq/L | 105.2 ± 3.7 | 105.4 ± 4.5 |
| Total CO2, mEq/L | 23.8 ± 3.5 | 23.8 ± 3.6 |
| SUN, mg/dL | 26.0 ± 11.7 | 26.0 ± 10.9 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.6 ± 0.6 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 45.2 ± 13.1 | 46.1 ± 13.1 |
| Protein, g/dL | 7.0 ± 0.7 | 7.0 ± 0.7 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 4.0 ± 0.5 |
| Urinary PCR, mg/g | 178.6 ± 837.6 | 231.0 ± 1159.2 |
Note: Values for categorical variables are given as number (percent); values for continuous variables are given as mean ± standard deviation. Conversion factors for units: creatinine in mg/dL to μmol/L, ×88.4; SUN in mg/dL to mmol/L, × 0.357.
Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; CE-CT, contrast-enhanced computed tomography; CO2, carbon dioxide; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; PCR, protein-creatinine ratio; RAAS, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; SUN, serum urea nitrogen.