Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of KARE Participants
| Characteristics | All | Usual Care | Intervention Groups |
P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CKD Registry Only | SMS Only | SMS + CKD Registry | ||||
| N | n = 137 | n = 38 | n = 25 | n = 37 | n = 37 | |
| Age, y | 58.0 [50.0-64.0] | 56.0 [49.0-64.0] | 60.0 [51.0-66.0] | 57.0 [50.0-61.0] | 56.0 [49.0-63.0] | 0.4 |
| Women | 71 (51.8%) | 18 (47.4%) | 14 (56.0%) | 16 (43.2%) | 23 (62.2%) | 0.4 |
| Race/ethnicity | 0.3 | |||||
| Caucasian/white | 9 (6.6%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (4.0%) | 3 (8.1%) | 5 (13.5%) | |
| Black or African American | 58 (42.3%) | 21 (55.3%) | 8 (32.0%) | 17 (45.9%) | 12 (32.4%) | |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 20 (14.6%) | 4 (10.5%) | 5 (20.0%) | 4 (10.8%) | 7 (18.9%) | |
| Hispanic | 50 (36.5%) | 13 (34.2%) | 11 (44.0%) | 13 (35.1%) | 13 (35.1%) | |
| Preferred language | 0.1 | |||||
| English | 90 (65.7%) | 27 (71.1%) | 15 (60.0%) | 28 (76.0%) | 20 (54.0%) | |
| Spanish | 40 (29.2%) | 10 (26.3%) | 10 (40.0%) | 8 (21.6%) | 12 (32.4%) | |
| Cantonese | 7 (5.1%) | 1 (2.6%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2.7%) | 5 (13.5%) | |
| Educational attainment | 0.8 | |||||
| <High school | 46 (33.6%) | 14 (36.8%) | 9 (36%) | 10 (27%) | 13 (35.1%) | |
| High school | 41 (29.9%) | 8 (21.1%) | 8 (32.0%) | 11 (29.7%) | 14 (37.8%) | |
| >High school | 50 (36.5%) | 16 (42.1%) | 8 (32.0%) | 16 (43.2%) | 10 (27%) | |
| Limited health literacy | 32 (23.4%) | 8 (21.1%) | 8 (32.0%) | 5 (13.5%) | 11 (29.7%) | 0.3 |
| Food insecurity | 72 (52.6%) | 17 (44.7%) | 14 (56.0%) | 18 (48.6%) | 23 (62.2%) | 0.5 |
| Insurance | 0.2 | |||||
| None | 39 (28.4%) | 12 (31.6%) | 4 (16.0%) | 11 (29.7%) | 12 (32.4%) | |
| Medicaid only | 61 (44.5%) | 13 (34.2%) | 15 (60.0%) | 18 (48.6%) | 15 (40.5%) | |
| Medicare only | 10 (7.3%) | 3 (7.9%) | 2 (8.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (13.5%) | |
| Medicare + Medicaid | 27 (19.7%) | 10 (26.3%) | 4 (16.0%) | 8 (21.6%) | 5 (13.5%) | |
| Self-reported diabetesa | 80 (58.4%) | 20 (52.6%) | 17 (68.0%) | 20 (54.1%) | 23 (62.2%) | 0.6 |
| Self-reported coronary diseasea | 21 (15.3%) | 8 (21.1%) | 5 (20.0%) | 4 (10.8%) | 4 (10.8%) | 0.7 |
| Self-reported hyperlipidemiaa | 74 (54.0%) | 16 (42.1%) | 13 (52.0%) | 23 (62.2%) | 22 (59.5%) | 0.4 |
| Baseline systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 129.0 [115.0-142.0] | 123.0 [115.0-135.0] | 131.0 [113.0-153.0] | 137.0 [129.0-147.0] | 122.0 [112.0-139.0] | 0.02 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 60.2 [48.5-94.7] | 51.8 [45.4-91.3] | 60.7 [47.0-97.1] | 63.9 [52.1-96.3] | 62.5 [51.6-90.9] | 0.4 |
| CKD stage | 0.2 | |||||
| 1-2 | 70 (51.1%) | 14 (36.8%) | 14 (56.0%) | 20 (54.0%) | 22 (59.5%) | |
| 3-4 | 67 (48.9%) | 24 (63.2%) | 11 (44.0%) | 17 (46.0%) | 15 (40.5%) | |
| Albumin-creatinine ratio, mg/g | 86.9 [21.0-561.0] | 50.5 [9.0-373] | 438.0 [69.0-1481.0] | 119.0 [36.0-219.0] | 77.5 [14.5-367.5] | 0.03 |
| Albumin-creatinine ratio, mg/ga | 0.03 | |||||
| A1 <30 | 36 (26.3%) | 14 (36.8%) | 3 (12%) | 8 (21.6%) | 11 (29.7%) | |
| A2 30-300 (microalbuminuria) | 57 (41.6%) | 12 (31.6%) | 8 (32%) | 21 (56.8%) | 16 (43.2%) | |
| A3 >300 (macroalbuminuria) | 43 (31.4%) | 12 (31.6%) | 14 (56%) | 8 (21.6%) | 9 (24.3%) | |
Note: Values expressed as median [interquartile range] or number (percent).
Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; KARE, Kidney Awareness Registry and Education; SMS, self-management support.
a
Column and row percentages may not sum to 100% due to missing data.