Table 1.
Study Characteristics of 41 Studies
| Study | Home Dialysis Modality | Country, Subcontinenta | No. of Patients (home/ICHD) | Age, y (SD) (home/ICHD) | Dialysis Vintage, mo (SD) (home/ICHD) | HRQoL Questionnaire | Physical Score, mean (SD) (home/ICHD) | Mental Score, mean (SD) (home/ICHD) | Study Conclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Al Wakeel83 (2012) | PD | Saudi Arabia, Middle East | 100/100 | 51.0 (13.5)/47.5 (13.8) | 34.1 (26.9)/77.2 (75.5) | KDQOL | 47.7 (23.6)/53.1 (32.0) | 61.9 (13.5)/50.5 (14.8) | Favors PD |
| Alvares84 (2012) | PD | Brazil, Latin America | 788/1,621 | 55.6 (15.3)/48.9 (14.5) | 39.7 (42.5)/53.9 (55.1) | SF | 41.0 (9.4)/43.0 (9.6) | 44.7 (8.0)/44.6 (7.6) | Favors ICHD |
| Atapour85 (2016) | PD | Iran, Middle East | 46/46 | 51.0 (12.5)/47.8 (10.6) | 18.8 (13.7)/24.4 (14.8) | SF | 60.5 (10.4)/56.2 (10.3) | 55.7 (7.1)/55.1 (6.2) | Favors PD |
| Barata86 (2015) | PD | Portugal, Western Europe | 31/94 | NA | NA | WHOQOL-BREF | 61.7 (12.7)/43.7 (13.9) | 56.1 (11.4)/46.0 (12.2) | Favors PD |
| Basok87 (2009) | PD | Turkey, Eastern Europe | 21/24 | 45.2 (8.9)/43.1 (12.4) | NA | SF | 43.2 (9.8)/47.4 (10.2) | 44.5 (10.9)/50.2 (12.6) | NA |
| Baykan88 (2012) | PD | Turkey, Eastern Europe | 41/42 | 40.6 (11.9)/49.1 (12.0) | NA | SF | 53.2 (7.6)/47.0 (9.2) | 45.2 (6.7)/42.2 (6.7) | NA |
| Borowiak89 (2009) | PD | Poland, Eastern Europe | 50/50 | 58.9 (13.2)/59.6 (13.4) | NA | EQ-5D VASb | 55.3 (21.7)/53.2 (16.2) | 55.3 (21.7)/53.2 (16.2) | Equal |
| Brown90 (2010) | PD | UK, Western Europe | 70/70 | 73.1 (5.5)/73.4 (5.1) | 30.5 (28.3)/31.4 (26.5) | SF | 36.0 (12.1)/34.3 (9.7) | 55.0 (8.4)/51.3 (12.9) | Favors PD |
| Bujang91 (2015) and Liu92 (2014) | PD | Malaysia, Asia | 539/793 | 52.8 (15.4)/55.5 (15.3) | 45.6 (37.2)/91.2 (74.4) | WHOQOL-BREF | 55.5 (15.5)/56.6 (16.1) | 60.2 (16.0)/59.6 (17.3) | Favors PD |
| Chen93 (2017) | PD | China, Asia | 103/253 | 63.1 (12.7)/56.6 (12.1) | NA | KDQOL | 40.3 (12.0)/37.4 (12.6) | 50.3 (10.0)/51.0 (10.3) | Favors PD |
| Chkhotua94 (2011) and Maglakelidze95 (2011) | PD | Georgia, Eastern Europe | 43/120 | NA | NA | SF | 55.7 (52.2)/56.9 (53.4) | 47.5 (47.9)/49.9 (51.4) | Equal |
| Czyzewski96 (2014) | PD | Poland, Eastern Europe | 30/40 | NA | 39.6/78.0 | KDQOL | 37.5 (10.6)/34.7 (7.4) | 49.9 (7.0)/43.7 (11.1) | Equal |
| Da Silva-Gane97 (2012) | PD | UK, Western Europe | 44/80 | 48.0 (15.6)/60.6 (14.9) | NA | SF | 30.1 (6.5)/25.2 (8.8) | 45.9 (10.6)/47.6 (10.7) | Favors PD |
| De Fijter98 (2018) | PD | The Netherlands, Western Europe | 33/42 | 66.0 (14.0)/66.0 (11.0) | 16/27 | KDQOL | 43.0 (20.0)/35.0 (21.0) | 56.0 (24.0)/49.0 (20.0) | Favors PD |
| Fructuoso99 (2011) | PD | Portugal, Western Europe | 14/37 | 38.9 (13.3)/67.3 (14.9) | 22.8 (15.6)/73.2 (78.0) | KDQOL | 44.9 (5.6)/35.9 (9.0) | 46.2 (10.2)/42.6 (12.6) | Favors PD |
| Garcia-Llana100 (2013) | PD | Spain, Western Europe | 31/30 | 47.9 (15.9)/60.6 (16.7) | 31.4 (28.6)/56.9 (81.7) | SF | 39.4 (8.7)/34.3 (8.7) | 49.8 (11.5)/47.1 (10.7) | Favors PD |
| Ginieri-Coccossis101 (2008) | PD | Greece, Western Europe | 48/41 | 64.1 (10.4)/65.3 (8.4) | 43.4 (24.0)/49.8 (30.8) | WHOQOL-BREF | 13.5 (2.8)/12.4 (3.8) | 13.2 (3.2)/12.9 (3.5) | Favors PD |
| Goncalves102 (2015) | PD | Brazil, Latin America | 116/222 | 58 (13.9)/54.4 (15.2) | NA | KDQOL | 45.8/52.8 | 44.3/56.6 | Favors ICHD |
| Griva103 (2014) and Yang104 (2015) | PD | Singapore, Asia | 266/236 | 59.3 (12.5)/54.4 (10.6) | 42.6 (39.4)/76.4 (66.5) | KDQOL | 37.1 (9.7)/38.9 (9.6) | 46.6 (11.2)/46.3 (10.4) | Favors ICHD |
| Günalay105 (2018) | PD | Turkey, Eastern Europe | 10/50 | 52.4 (15.1)/50.0 (18.9) | 38.5 (14.2)/53.5 (48.3) | EQ-5D VASb | 58.1 (13.1)/66.7 (22.3) | 58.1 (13.1)/66.7 (22.3) | Equal |
| Ibrahim106 (2011) | PD | Malaysia, Asia | 91/183 | NA | NA | SF | 74.6/68.4 | 77.1/70.9 | Favors PD |
| Ikonomou107 (2015) | PD | Greece, Western Europe | 39/90 | 58.0 (16.0)/57.9 (13.8) | NA | SF | 42.4 (10.0)/40.7 (11.3) | 52.3 (9.1)/49.3 (10.3) | Equal |
| Iyasere108 (2016) | PD | UK, Western Europe | 129/122 | 76.0/75.0 | 22.0/27.5 | SF | 33.0/ 31.7 | 49.3/50.8 | Equal |
| Kang109 (2017) | PD | Korea, Asia | 366/1,250 | 54.1 (11.9)/56.4 (13.2) | 63.6 (46.8)/61.2 (55.2) | KDQOL | 58.5 (23.0)/61.9 (21.2) | 55.5 (24.9)/59.8 (21.2) | Favors ICHD |
| Kim110 (2013) | PD | Korea, Asia | 65/172 | NA | NA | KDQOL | 38.7 (9.0)/39.3 (9.7) | 44.8 (6.4)/44.6 (7.0) | Favors PD |
| Kontodimopoulos111 (2008) and Kontodimopoulos112 (2009) | PD | Greece, Western Europe | 65/642 | 58.7 (12.9)/58.1 (14.9) | 63.6 (67.2)/74.4 (68.4) | SF | 49.2 (30.7)/49.2 (30.6) | 53.0 (26.1)/55.1 (22.7) | Equal |
| Nakayama113 (2015) | PD | Japan, Asia | 102/77 | 62.5 (12.0)/63.5 (12.4) | NA | SF | 25.4 (25.3)/32.1 (20.6) | 45.6 (12.1)/46.1 (10.5) | N/A |
| Neumann114 (2018) | PD | Germany, Western Europe | 153/200 | 59.0 (15.4)/59.8 (16.0) | NA | SF |
Baseline: 38.3 (9.8)/39.9 (10.8) 12 mo: 35.4 (11.6)/37.9 (11.5) |
Baseline: 52.1 (9.4)/52.1 (10.0) 12 mo: 45.8 (10.6)/46.1 (11.6) |
Equal |
| Okpechi115 (2013) | PD | South Africa, Africa | 26/56 | 36.0 (6.1)/38.6 (10.5) | 14.5 (11.6)/49.8 (71.5) | KDQOL | 67.5 (27.5)/65.4 (53.1) | 75.0 (23.5)/74.6 (21.0) | Equal |
| Ören116 (2013) | PD | Turkey, Eastern Europe | 125/175 | 46.4 (14.6)/47.6 (15.3) | 45.4 (34.8)/94.4 (60.0) | SF | 58.4 (25.9)/48.6 (26.5) | 63.3 (18.9)/57.0 (19.8) | Favors PD |
| Painter82 (2012) | HHD | USA, North America | 10/13 | 42.6 (12.4)/45.5 (10.4) | 33.8 (44.3)/28.5 (21.2) | KDQOL |
Baseline: 45.3 (11.3)/48.8 (10.0) 6 mo: 49.6 (9.1)/48.4 (7.4) |
Baseline: 48.1 (14.6)/51.1 (9.1) 6 mo: 48.9 (12.6)/51.7 (9.6) |
Favors HHD |
| Ramos117 (2015) | PD | Brazil, Latin America | 60/257 | 56.5 (15.3)/57.9 (15.9) | NA | SF | 51.3 (27.8)/53.5 (29.7) | 71.7 (20.4)/68.7 (22.6) | Equal |
| Ruiz de Alegría - Fernández de Retana118 (2013) | PD | Spain, Western Europe | 45/53 | 50.8 (13.3)/52.3 (13.1) | NA | SF |
3 mo: 42.6 (8.9)/40.8 (8.9) 6 mo: 40.6 (9.8)/42.2 (9.7) 12 mo: 43.9 (9.8)/39.9 (9.7) |
3 mo: 50.5 (13.0)/46.3 (13.4) 6 mo: 50.3 (11.6)/49.3 (11.6) 12 mo: 50.5 (11.6)/49.6 (11.6) |
NA |
| Tannor119 (2017) | PD | South Africa, Africa | 48/58 | 36.1 (10.7)/42.8 (9.8) | 26.4/72.0 | KDQOL | 55.5 (21.7)/54.7 (19.4) | 62.7 (19.7)/68.6 (17.9) | Equal |
| Theofilou120 (2011) and Theofilou121 (2013) | PD | Greece, Western Europe | 60/84 | 64.3 (12.5)/58.1 (16.1) | 38.4 (24.0)/87.6 (85.2) | WHOQOL-BREF | 13.7 (3.0)/12.7 (3.7) | 13.4 (3.1)/13.3 (3.7) | Favors PD |
| Turkmen122 (2012) | PD | Turkey, Eastern Europe | 64/90 | 52.4 (15.3)/55.0 (15.7) | 19.8 (14.3)/22.7 (13.1) | SF | 47.6 (18.5)/59.4 (20.7) | 41.7 (17.2)/63.9 (20.6) | Favors ICHD |
| Watanabe123 (2014) | HHD | Japan, Asia | 46/34 | 54.0 (8.3)/57.1 (7.6) | 76.8 (68.4)/88.8 (99.6) | KDQOL | 48.7 (9.2)/37.1 (12.9) | 51.2 (8.9)/49.6 (6.2) | Favors HHD |
| Wright124 (2015)c | HHD | USA, North America | 22/29 | NA | NA | KDQOL | 40.4 (12.7)/42.8 (9.8) | 50.6 (9.4)/50.4 (10.0) | Equal |
| Wright124 (2015)c | PD | USA, North America | 26/29 | NA | NA | KDQOL | 43.2 (8.8)/42.8 (9.8) | 51.1 (8.2)/50.4 (10.0) | Equal |
| Wu125 (2013) | PD | China, Asia | 93/97 | 54.5 (15.5)/58.3 (17.5) | 25.5/31.0 | SF | 34.0 (11.9)/30.5 (14.5) | 41.3 (10.0)/38.5 (12.0) | Equal |
| Ying126 (2014) | PD | Malaysia, Asia | 73/147 | NA | NA | SF | 60.2 (21.9)/49.6 (20.2) | 67.1 (19.4)/58.0 (20.3) | Favors PD |
| Yongsiri127 (2014) | PD | Thailand, Asia | 26/34 | 53.0 (14.4)/61.1 (15.5) | NA | WHOQOL-BREF | 3.0 (0.9)/2.9 (0.8) | 3.7 (0.7)/3.7 (0.6) | Equal |
| Total | 4,158/7,854 | 55.9 (13.8)/54.8 (14.1) | 34.1d (22.8-43.4)/56.9d (31.0-77.2) |
Abbreviations: EQ-5D VAS, EuroQol-5D visual analogue scale; HHD, home hemodialysis; HRQoL, health-related quality of life; ICHD, in-center hemodialysis; KDQOL, Kidney Disease Quality of Life instrument; NA, not available; PD, peritoneal dialysis; SD, standard deviation; SF, Short Form Health Survey (12-item or 36-item); UK, United Kingdom; USA, United States of America; WHOQOL-BREF, abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire.
a
The regional boards of the International Society of Nephrology were used for the classification of countries into subcontinents.
b
EQ-5D VAS score was used as a surrogate for both physical score and mental score.
c
Wright et al included 3 patient populations: HHD, PD, and ICHD.
d
Median with interquartile range.