Table 2. The key characteristics of the included studies.
| Author (Year) [Reference] | EAH/OAH | Patient Number | Age(SD) | Gender (male) | LVEF (%) (SD) | HTN | DM | CKD | Prior CVA | PAOD | Urgent Operation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shapira et al. (2006a) | EAH | 18 | 60(10) | 88.9% | 53(13) | 72.2% | 44.4% | 0.0% | 11.1% | 22.2% | N/A |
| OAH | 18 | 58(12) | 77.8% | 51(14) | 83.3% | 61.1% | 5.6% | 11.1% | 33.3% | N/A | |
| Rudez et al. (2007) | EAH | 25 | 60.5(9.2) | 64.0% | N/A | 56.0% | 32.0% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| OAH | 25 | 61.2(9.8) | 72.0% | N/A | 60.0% | 24.0% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Grus et al. (2011) | EAH | 20 | 55.7(6.8) | 90.0% | N/A | 60.0% | 55.0% | 5.0% | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| OAH | 20 | 53.3(4.6) | 95.0% | N/A | 65.0% | 60.0% | 10.0% | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Nowicki et al. (2011) | EAH | 100 | 55.7 | 88.0% | N/A | N/A | 20.0% | 0.0% | N/A | 10.0% | N/A |
| OAH | 100 | 59.7 | 91.0% | N/A | N/A | 18.0% | 0.0% | N/A | 12.0% | N/A | |
| Kiaii et al. (2017) Burns et al. (2015) Burns et al. (2014) Kiaii et al. (2013) |
EAH | 60 | 57.8(6.8) | 90.0% | CHF:1.7% | N/A | 25.0% | N/A | 5.0% | 0.0% | 48.3% |
| OAH | 59 | 57.9(7.9) | 93.2% | CHF:1.7% | N/A | 20.3% | N/A | 0.0% | 2.0% | 54.2% | |
| Tamim et al. (2017) | EAH | 15 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| OAH | 15 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Navia et al. (2012) Navia et al. (2011) |
EAH | 39 | 60(9.9) | 38.9% | 50(13) | 76.9% | 17.9% | 2.6% | N/A | 41.0% | N/A |
| OAH | 117 | 62(9.1) | 94.9% | 47(13) | 78.6% | 18.8% | 1.7% | N/A | 42.7% | N/A | |
| Bisleri et al. (2016) | EAH | 82 | 65.1(11.3) | 79.2% | EF<40%: 15.8% | 73.1% | 23.1% | 8.5% | N/A | 26.8% | N/A |
| OAH | 82 | 66.5(7.3) | 71.9% | EF<40%: 19.8% | 67.9% | 34.6% | 3.7% | N/A | 34.6% | N/A | |
| Galajda et al. (2002) | EAH | 50 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| OAH | 465 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Patel et al. (2004) | EAH | 100 | 69 | 71.0% | N/A | 76.0% | 39.0% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| OAH | 100 | 68 | 66.0% | N/A | 71.0% | 31.0% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Shapira et al. (2006b) | EAH | 108 | 61(9) | 87.0% | 50(15) | 87.0% | 42.6% | N/A | 5.6% | 15.7% | 63.9% |
| OAH | 120 | 62(9) | 76.7% | 50(14) | 77.5% | 37.5% | N/A | 10.0% | 18.3% | 76.7% | |
| Bleiziffer et al. (2007) Bleiziffer et al. (2008) |
EAH | 50 | 60.1(6.7) | 88.0% | 56.5(7.8) | 80.0% | 12.0% | 0.0% | N/A | 8.0% | N/A |
| OAH | 50 | 59.2(8.2) | 84.0% | 54.0(10.8) | 83.0% | 20.0% | 0.0% | N/A | 12.0% | N/A | |
| Burris et al. (2008) | EAH | 21 | 66.0(11.6) | 66.7% | N/A | 71.4% | 38.1% | 0.0% | 4.8% | 14.3% | N/A |
| OAH | 39 | 64.4(10.6) | 71.8% | N/A | 89.7% | 38.5% | 0.0% | 5.1% | 15.4% | N/A | |
| Kim et al. (2007) | EAH | 100 | 63.3(8.2) | 77.0% | 48.5(10.8) | 48.0% | 48.0% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| OAH | 157 | 59.8(8.8) | 65.6% | 50.5(9.2) | 45.9% | 39.5% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Medalion et al. (2008) | EAH | 40 | 62(10) | 87.5% | LVF: 5% | 80.0% | 37.5% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| OAH | 40 | 66(10) | 82.5% | LVF: 5% | 80.0% | 30.0% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Ito et al. (2009) | EAH | 50 | 62.8(9.1) | 84.0% | 59.5(12.9) | 66.0% | 52.0% | 0.0% | 8.0% | N/A | N/A |
| OAH | 50 | 62.8(9.4) | 82.0% | 62.8(11.6) | 78.0% | 56.0% | 0.0% | 16.0% | N/A | N/A | |
| Ito et al. (2011a) Ito et al. (2011b) |
EAH | 109 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| OAH | 138 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Dimitrova et al. (2010) | EAH | 727 | 57.6 | 84.0% | EF<40%: 22% | 64.0% | 37.0% | 1.3% | 6.0% | 6.0% | 77.0% |
| OAH | 724 | 82.0% | EF<40%: 21% | 64.0% | 36.0% | 1.2% | 4.0% | 5.0% | 77.0% |
CHF, congestive heart failure; CKD, chronic kidney disease or end stage renal disease; CVA, cerebral vascular disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; EAH, endoscopic radial artery harvesting; EF, ejection fraction; HTN, hypertension; LVF, left ventricle failure; N/A, not available; OAH, open radial artery harvesting; PAOD, peripheral artery occlusion disease; SD, standard deviation.
Ps1: Grus et al. (2011) excluded all patients under chronic dialysis. Chronic kidney disease was not excluded.
Ps2: Shapira et al. (2006b) recorded urgent and emergent operations, and we summarized the data as non-elective operations.
Ps3: Kiaii et al., Bisleriet et al., Mesalion et al., and Dimitrova et al. had no report on the ejection fraction of their patient, and they presented the heart function by recording the percentage of congestive heart failure, left ventricle failure, or an ejection fraction of less than 40%.