Table 3.

Correlates of HIV seroconversion among women and men, multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, and household cohort study of adults aged ≥15 years in the Zambezi region of Namibia, 2014 to 2016 (N=1624).

Variable		Full model, adjusted hazards ratio (95% CI)a	P value	Final model, adjusted hazards ratio (95% CI)a	P value
Women
	15-24 years old and resident of rural site (vs other age and residential groups)b	4.17 (1.37-12.65)	.01	4.26 (1.39- 13.13)	.01
	Resident of Ngoma rural (vs residents of other sites)b	0.55 (0.05-5.70)	.62	—c	—
	Resident of Ngweze urban (vs residents of other sites)b	2.13 (1.08-4.18)	.03	2.34 (1.25- 4.40)	.01
	Not currently married (vs married)b	1.34 (0.58-3.07)	.49	—	—
	Not tested with partner at enrollment (vs tested with partner)b	5.95 (0.65-54.3)	.13	—	—
	Not tested for HIV in the 12 months before enrollment (vs tested)b	3.12 (0.91-10.68)	.07	3.38 (1.04-10.95)	.05
	Engaged in transactional sex (vs did not engage in transactional sex)d	10.33 (2.48- 42.95)	.001	17.64 (2.88-108.14)	.02
	Had multiple sex partners in the past 12 months (vs did not have multiple partners)d	3.17 (0.58-17.48)	.19	—	—
Men
	Age 40-44 years (vs other age groups)b	6.90 (2.75-17.34)	<.001	13.04 (5.98-28.41)	<.001
	Older and residing in a rural site (vs other age and residential groups)b	7.90 (0.65-96.49)	.11	—	—
	Sought testing for HIV outside the study in the past 12 months (vs did not seek testing)d	35.23 (12.40-100.06)	<.001	8.28 (1.39-49.38)	.02
	Had a sex partner residing outside the study area (vs did not have partner outside study area)d	2.31 (0.68-7.88)	.18	—	—

^aAll CIs are 2-sided 95% and cluster robust.

^b Data collected at baseline.

^cVariables at P≤.10 in the bivariate models (Table 2) were included in the multivariable Cox models. Variables at P>.10 in the full model were removed for the final model. Variables at P<.05 in the final multivariable models were considered statistically significant.

^dData collected at follow-up.