Table 1.

RCT of Kampo medicine in cardiovascular and related conditions.

References	Study design	Subjects (n)	Age, years (mean ± SD)	Disease/symptom	Kampo formulation	Comparator	Outcome	Adverse reaction
Uchida (12)	RCT	12	65.8 ± 16.3	Acute symptomatic proximal deep vein thrombosis	KBG added to conventional treatment	Conventional treatment with thrombolysis and anticoagulant	The improvement rates of circumference difference between the affected and the normal limbs were significantly higher in the KBG group.	N/A
Arakawa et al. (10)	DB-RCT	204	52.3 ± 11	Accessory symptoms of hypertension	OGT	Placebo	Efficacy was significantly higher in the OGT group based on the total score for the accessory symptoms of hypertension, especially hot flushes and facial suffusion.	None
Nakamura et al. (11)	Crossover RCT	10	57.6 ± 8.1	Orthopedic hypotension related with diabetes mellitus	GRS	Placebo	The change of orthopedic systolic and diastolic pressure was significantly lower in the GRS group than in the placebo group. All patients complained of dizziness in the placebo group, but only 10% complained of the symptom in the GRS group.	N/A

DB, double-blinded; GRS, goreisan; KBG, keishibukuryogan; OGT, orengedokuto; RCT, randomized controlled trial; SD, standard deviation; N/A, not assigned.