FIGURE 2.

Multiple protein sequence alignment, western blot analysis of the Twinkle, and analysis of the relative mtDNA copy number. (A) Multiple protein sequence alignment of selected sequences from different species. The numbers above the alignment correspond to the amino acid position in the chicken protein sequence and the mutated residues are shown in red. (B) Western blots of the Twinkle from runting and stunting syndrome (RSS)-affected chickens and normal chickens using anti-Twinkle and anti-β-actin. (C) Relative mtDNA copy number in hepatocytes of RSS chickens and normal chickens as measured by the change in tRNA-Leu and rRNA-16S normalized to β2M. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.