TABLE 3.
Multilevel growth curve models predicting child’s inattentive ADHD symptom severity over time.
Estimate (effect size) | Standard error | P-value | Sig. | |
Common | ||||
State (PA = 0, NC = 1) | −0.051 | 0.050 | 0.308 | |
Sex (Female = 0, Male = 1) | 0.342 | 0.041 | 0.000 | *** |
Race | 0.100 | 0.055 | 0.071 | |
Age (cntrd) | 0.072 | 0.012 | 0.000 | *** |
Age squared | −0.022 | 0.003 | 0.000 | *** |
Primary-caregiver COMT (Met = 0/Val-Val = 1) | 0.006 | 0.052 | 0.910 | |
Primary-caregiver ADHDHyper-Imp | 0.027 | 0.029 | 0.362 | |
Primary-caregiver ADHDInatt | −0.008 | 0.033 | 0.819 | |
Positive caregiving | −0.090 | 0.027 | 0.001 | *** |
Early childhood | ||||
(Intercept) | 0.972 | 0.042 | 0.000 | *** |
COMT (Met = 0/Val-Val = 1) | −0.071 | 0.069 | 0.298 | |
Negative caregiving | 0.088 | 0.027 | 0.001 | ** |
SES-risk | 0.060 | 0.030 | 0.047 | * |
Negative caregiving × COMT | −0.078 | 0.057 | 0.173 | |
SES-risk × COMT | −0.064 | 0.061 | 0.296 | |
Middle childhood | ||||
(Intercept) | 0.897 | 0.038 | 0.000 | *** |
COMT (Met = 0/Val-Val = 1) | −0.148 | 0.073 | 0.043 | * |
Negative caregiving | 0.090 | 0.030 | 0.003 | ** |
SES-risk | 0.132 | 0.032 | 0.000 | *** |
Negative caregiving × COMT | 0.069 | 0.062 | 0.266 | |
SES-risk × COMT | −0.146 | 0.066 | 0.026 | * |
Multilevel regression results: estimated effect sizes are organized into common, early and middle childhood. Variance components are not given. See text for details. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001.