Table 3.

Calculated annual effective doses from direct measurements and soil concentrations.

Measurement method Measurement area	n	IAED (mSv year−1)		OAED (mSv year−1)		Total (IAED + OAED) (mSv year−1)
		Average	Range	Average	Range	Average	Range
Direct measurement
All of Vietnam	462	0.35	0.10–1.06	0.09	0.03–0.27	0.44	0.13–1.33
Northern Vietnama	178	0.36	0.15–1.06	0.09	0.03–0.27	0.45	0.18–1.33
Southern Vietnamb	284	0.34	0.01–0.96	0.08	0.03–0.24	0.42	0.04–1.20
Soil concentration
All of Vietnam	462	0.38	0.03–1.05	0.09	0.01–0.26	0.47	0.04–1.31
Northern Vietnama	178	0.41	0.05–0.93	0.10	0.01–0.23	0.51	0.06–1.16
Southern Vietnamb	284	0.36	0.01–1.05	0.09	0.01–0.26	0.45	0.01–1.31

^aNorthern Vietnam refers to #1–#31 in Fig. 1a.

^bSouthern Vietnam refers to #32–#64 in Fig. 1a.