TABLE 2.
Numerous Changes Were Experienced and Implemented by General Surgery Training Programs. These Included Changes to the Clinical Learning Environment (A) As Well As Strategies to Protect Resident Health and Wellness (B).
| A. Clinical Learning Environment | Overall (n = 84*) | University (n = 43*) | University Affiliated (n = 26*) | Independent (n = 15) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Attendings operating without resident assistance | 44.0% (37) | 46.5% (20) | 50.0% (13) | 26.7% (4) | 0.326 |
| Reducing number of providers on rounds | 100.0% (84) | 100.0% (43) | 100.0% (26) | 100.0% (15) | NA |
| Conducting inpatient consults remotely | 26.2% (22) | 34.9% (15) | 23.1% (6) | 6.7% (1) | 0.100 |
| Telehealth clinic visits | 90.5% (76) | 93.0% (40) | 84.6% (22) | 93.3% (14) | 0.608 |
| Virtual handoffs | 46.4% (39) | 51.2% (22) | 46.2% (12) | 33.3% (5) | 0.491‡ |
| Conducting EMR work at home | 54.8% (46) | 60.5% (26) | 57.7% (15) | 33.3% (5) | 0.180‡ |
| Clinical schedule changes | |||||
| Reducing size of in-hospital resident workforce | 95.2% (80) | 97.7% (42) | 88.5% (23) | 100.0% (15) | 0.170 |
| Limit residents switching between hospitals | 68.4% (52/76†) | 65.9% (27/41†) | 75.0% (15/20†) | 66.7% (10) | 0.761‡ |
| Postponing/cancelling resident vacations | 36.9% (31) | 41.9% (18) | 34.6% (9) | 26.7% (4) | 0.541 |
| Didactics | |||||
| Cancelled in-person didactics | 92.9% (78) | 95.3% (41) | 88.5% (23) | 93.3% (14) | 0.635 |
| Virtual resident didactics | 86.9% (73) | 90.7% (39) | 76.9% (20) | 93.3% (14) | 0.266 |
| Virtual grand rounds | 83.3% (70) | 88.4% (38) | 73.1% (19) | 86.7% (13) | 0.279 |
| B. Resident Health and Wellness | Overall (n = 84*) | University (n = 43*) | University Affiliated (n = 26*) | Independent (n = 15) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 testing available | 93.8% (76/81*) | 92.9% (39/42*) | 95.8% (23/24*) | 93.3% (14) | 1.000 |
| Asymptomatic testing available | 2.4% (2) | 2.3% (1) | 3.8% (1) | 0.0% (0) | 1.000 |
| COVID+ residents | 23.5% (19/81*) | 32.6% (14) | 17.4% (4/23*) | 6.7% (1) | 0.101 |
| Prequarantining residents | 46.4% (39) | 55.8% (24) | 30.8% (8) | 46.7% (7) | 0.130‡ |
| Wearing PPE 24/7 | 78.6% (66) | 76.7% (33) | 76.9% (20) | 86.7% (13) | 0.824 |
| Reusing PPE | 82.1% (69) | 79.1% (34) | 84.6% (22) | 86.7% (13) | 0.801 |
| Tracking provider contacts for COVID-suspected patients | 26.2% (22) | 20.9% (9) | 34.6% (9) | 26.7% (4) | 0.455 |
| Wellness resources provided | |||||
| Childcare | 38.1% (32) | 51.2% (22) | 34.6% (9) | 6.7% (1) | 0.006 |
| Housing | 27.4% (23) | 41.9% (18) | 11.5% (3) | 13.3% (2) | 0.011 |
| Additional meal stipends | 29.8% (25) | 27.9% (12) | 26.9% (7) | 40.0% (6) | 0.630‡ |
| Virtual mental health services | 72.6% (61) | 83.7% (36) | 65.4% (17) | 53.3% (8) | 0.046‡ |
| Financial support | 6.0% (5) | 7.0% (3) | 7.7% (2) | 0.0% (0) | 0.702 |
Bold values significance in P values <0.05.
⁎
Variations in denominator reflect inclusion of near complete responses.
†
Hospitals with only 1 clinical site were excluded from this analysis.
‡
p values marked with this superscript are the result of chi-square analyses; all others reflect a Fisher's exact test.