Table 4.

Lenient precision, recall, and F1 score of the proposed approaches for relation extraction.

Relation type	Joint				Contextual-joint				Positional-joint				Knowledge-joint
	Precision	Recall	F1 score	Precision		Recall	F1 score	Precision		Recall	F1 score	Precision		Recall	F1 score
Drug−strength	0.966	0.962	0.964	0.977		0.964	0.971	0.978		0.971	0.975	0.978		0.971	0.975
Drug−form	0.963	0.936	0.949	0.972		0.936	0.953	0.969		0.939	0.954	0.969		0.939	0.954
Drug−frequency	0.961	0.949	0.955	0.972		0.950	0.961	0.969		0.955	0.962	0.969		0.955	0.962
Drug−route	0.943	0.931	0.937	0.954		0.933	0.943	0.936		0.939	0.937	0.936		0.939	0.937
Drug−dosage	0.921	0.928	0.924	0.933		0.931	0.932	0.925		0.950	0.937	0.925		0.950	0.937
Drug−duration	0.814	0.718	0.763	0.880		0.723	0.794	0.823		0.739	0.779	0.823		0.739	0.779
Drug−ADEa	0.590	0.322	0.417	0.592		0.307	0.404	0.590		0.377	0.460	0.544		0.446	0.490
Drug−reason	0.682	0.526	0.594	0.676		0.546	0.604	0.680		0.593	0.633	0.673		0.628	0.650
Overall (micro)	0.912	0.859	0.885	0.920		0.862	0.890	0.912		0.877	0.894	0.906		0.884	0.895

^aADE: adverse drug event.