TABLE 3.
The TAVs of 29 elegant spices
| Compounds | Taste threshold (mg/g) | Curry | Kaempferia | Laurel | Licorice | Pomegrantate | Sweet marjoram | Chinese mahogany | Sesame | Mango |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asp | 1.000 | 0.170cd | 0.389g | 0.013a | 0.564h | 0.746j | 0.275ef | 0.366g | 0.349fg | 0.140c |
| Glu | 0.300 | 0.185a | 0.546b | / | 1.237cd | 0.206a | 36.156h | 0.635b | 1.444e | / |
| Ser | 1.500 | 0.077c | 0.028b | / | 3.238k | 0.017a | 0.744i | 0.154cde | 0.024a | / |
| Ala | 0.600 | 0.255ef | 0.177e | 0.286fg | 0.539i | 0.111d | 0.409h | 0.225ef | 0.090d | 0.092d |
| Gly | 1.300 | / | / | / | 0.105f | 0.021c | / | 0.018b | / | / |
| Thr | 2.600 | / | / | / | 0.548f | / | / | 0.067d | / | / |
| Arg | 0.500 | 0.453f | 0.827h | 0.761h | 20.989m | 0.343cde | 1.070i | 0.575g | 0.226bd | 0.099a |
| His | 0.200 | / | / | / | 1.633c | / | / | / | / | / |
| Tyr | 8.840 | / | / | / | 0.035k | 0.003a | 0.058l | 0.004b | / | / |
| Leu | 1.900 | / | / | / | 0.014c | 0.007a | 0.022d | 0.017c | / | / |
| Val | 0.400 | 0.054bc | 0.338g | / | 0.852j | / | 0.256ef | 0.233e | 0.048cd | / |
| Met | 0.300 | 0.068a | 0.409d | 0.069a | 0.176b | 0.082a | 0.188c | 0.142b | 0.319e | 0.210c |
| Ile | 0.900 | / | / | / | 0.031ab | / | 0.032ab | / | 0.096f | / |
| Phe | 0.900 | / | / | / | 0.045b | / | 0.037a | / | 0.058b | / |
| Lys | 0.500 | / | / | / | 0.012a | 0.436g | 0.041b | 0.100d | / | / |
| Pro | 3.000 | 1.029o | 0.013a | 0.257j | 2.128p | 0.073d | 0.189h | 0.248ij | 0.181fg | 0.043b |
| Malic acid | 5.000 | 2.135h | / | 0.492b | 1.590f | / | / | 2.149h | 0.322a | / |
| Citric acid | 3.100 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | 1.158a |
| Lactic acid | 2.600 | 4.759e | / | 2.900c | 2.844c | 2.169b | 3.003c | / | / | / |
| Succinic acid | 1.060 | 9.851c | / | / | / | / | / | / | 3.326b | / |
| Oxalic acid | 5.000 | / | 2.269j | / | 1.362h | 0.629d | 1.566i | 0.184b | / | / |
| Tartaric acid | 0.410 | 35.624f | / | / | 35.397f | 2.184a | / | 70.693h | / | / |
| Formic acid | 2.000 | 2.012a | / | / | / | / | / | 5.182d | / | / |
| Acetic acid | 1.200 | / | / | / | 5.633f | / | / | 2.157a | 3.747cd | 2.248a |
| Propionic acid | 0.112 | 114.624b | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Pyruvic acid | 3.000 | / | 1.597a | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Ascorbic acid | 1.200 | 5.783e | 5.756e | 0.302a | / | / | / | 2.644d | / | 24.792f |
| Pyroglutamic acid | 5.000 | / | / | / | 0.066b | / | / | / | / | / |
| 5'‐GMP | 0.255 | 0.957f | 0.292c | 0.920f | 1.582h | 0.167b | 0.678e | 0.321c | 0.116c | / |
| 5'‐IMP | 1.800 | 0.014a | 0.057ef | 0.056ef | 0.062f | 0.026bc | 0.104gh | / | 0.091fg | 0.016b |
| 5'‐AMP | 0.125 | 3.275b | 0.707a | / | 3.645b | 0.188a | 1.838a | 7.376c | 3.755d | / |
| Compounds | Taste threshold (mg/g) | Ajowan | Carambola | Cambodian cardamom | Sweet flag | Juniper | Caper | Charvil | Parsley | Tamarind | Srilanka citronella |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asp | 1.000 | 0.149c | 0.370g | 0.649i | 0.030ab | 0.228de | 1.239k | 0.032ab | 0.331fg | 0.061ab | 0.518h |
| Glu | 0.300 | / | 1.794d | 0.886c | / | / | 3.023e | / | / | / | 0.050a |
| Ser | 1.500 | 0.505h | 0.382g | 0.123cd | 0.064c | / | 0.201def | 0.208def | 1.146j | 0.216def | 0.058c |
| Ala | 0.600 | 0.067c | 1.085j | 0.333g | 0.071c | 0.024a | 2.828k | 0.034b | 4.644m | 0.030b | / |
| Gly | 1.300 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Thr | 2.600 | 0.064d | 0.021a | 0.017a | / | / | 0.028b | / | 0.305e | 0.043c | / |
| Arg | 0.500 | 0.215b | / | 0.294bcd | 0.261bc | / | 1.853k | / | 0.401ef | 2.113l | 0.254bc |
| His | 0.200 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | 0.459b | / | / |
| Tyr | 8.840 | 0.008d | / | 0.007c | / | / | 0.012g | / | 0.027j | / | / |
| Leu | 1.900 | 0.021d | / | 0.036f | / | / | 0.041g | / | 0.183k | 0.039f | / |
| Val | 0.400 | 0.312fg | / | 0.676i | / | / | 0.546h | 0.058bc | 1.983m | / | / |
| Met | 0.300 | / | / | 0.416d | 0.746e | / | 0.128b | / | / | 0.437d | / |
| Ile | 0.900 | 0.067d | / | 0.047bc | / | / | 0.086e | / | 0.249h | 0.057cd | / |
| Phe | 0.900 | 0.265e | / | 0.036a | / | / | 0.095c | / | 0.624h | / | 0.037a |
| Lys | 0.500 | 0.201e | / | 0.044b | 0.118d | / | 0.184e | / | 1.107i | 0.037b | / |
| Pro | 3.000 | 2.128p | 0.049c | 0.028b | 0.454m | 0.023b | 0.112ef | 0.436m | 0.265j | 0.092e | 0.135ef |
| Malic acid | 5.000 | 1.237e | 0.529b | 0.698c | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Citric acid | 3.100 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Lactic acid | 2.600 | / | / | / | / | / | 2.105b | / | 3.721d | 1.710a | / |
| Succinic acid | 1.060 | / | / | 1.714a | / | / | / | / | / | / | 1.741a |
| Oxalic acid | 5.000 | 0.603d | 0.361c | 0.554d | 4.769l | 0.277bc | 1.030f | 1.594i | 0.552d | 0.363c | 0.007a |
| Tartaric acid | 0.410 | / | / | 0.695a | / | 1.552a | 20.722d | / | / | 10.635c | / |
| Formic acid | 2.000 | / | / | / | / | / | 3.665c | / | / | / | / |
| Acetic acid | 1.200 | 3.586cd | 2.794b | 3.362c | 12.465g | 1.818a | / | / | / | / | 4.574e |
| Propionic acid | 0.112 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Pyruvic acid | 3.000 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Ascorbic acid | 1.200 | / | / | / | / | 1.850c | / | / | / | / | / |
| Pyroglutamic acid | 5.000 | / | / | / | / | / | 0.720c | / | / | / | / |
| 5'‐GMP | 0.255 | 0.235c | 0.117a | 0.246c | / | 0.267c | 1.547h | / | 2.405j | 0.509d | / |
| 5'‐IMP | 1.800 | 0.050e | 0.046d | 0.057ef | 0.052e | 0.046d | 0.643k | 0.035c | / | 0.016b | 0.019b |
| 5'‐AMP | 0.125 | / | / | 1.082a | / | / | 1.260b | / | 3.654b | / | / |
| Compounds | Taste threshold (mg/g) | Cumin | Turmeric | Fenugreek | Tsao‐ko | Vanilla | Rosemary | Garden mint | Angelica | Wild thyme | Saffron |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asp | 1.000 | 0.319fg | 0.170cd | 0.337fg | 0.752j | 0.096bc | 0.362g | 1.955m | 1.519l | 0.773j | 0.278ef |
| Glu | 0.300 | 0.384a | 0.128a | 0.423a | 0.361a | 0.521b | 0.603b | 4.217f | 3.765f | 24.301g | 0.366a |
| Ser | 1.500 | 0.041b | 0.228ef | / | 0.021a | 6.008l | 0.035b | 0.510h | 0.283f | 0.239ef | 0.796i |
| Ala | 0.600 | 0.443h | 0.273fg | 0.416h | 0.103d | 0.295fg | 0.089d | 1.078j | 1.138j | 0.540i | 4.371l |
| Gly | 1.300 | 0.160g | / | / | / | 0.010a | / | 0.083e | 0.096e | 0.061d | / |
| Thr | 2.600 | / | / | / | / | 0.014a | / | / | 0.060d | / | / |
| Arg | 0.500 | 1.680j | / | / | / | / | 1.603j | 0.818h | 49.828n | 0.360de | 0.239b |
| His | 0.200 | 0.227a | / | / | / | / | / | / | 2.667d | / | 9.642e |
| Tyr | 8.840 | 0.064m | 0.011f | / | / | / | / | 0.020i | 0.012g | 0.009e | 0.014h |
| Leu | 1.900 | 0.008b | 0.060h | / | / | 0.032e | / | 0.199l | 0.076i | 0.035f | 0.077j |
| Val | 0.400 | 1.128k | 0.125d | 0.028a | 0.089cd | / | 0.050bc | 1.443c | 0.504h | / | 0.843j |
| Met | 0.300 | 2.207h | 0.354d | / | 0.294d | 0.264d | 0.310d | 0.165b | 1.282g | / | 1.076f |
| Ile | 0.900 | 0.034ab | 0.045bc | / | / | 0.027a | / | 0.452i | 0.232h | 0.092e | 0.131g |
| Phe | 0.900 | 0.044b | / | 0.030a | / | / | / | 0.463g | 0.146d | / | 0.327f |
| Lys | 0.500 | 0.047b | / | / | / | 0.064c | / | 0.207e | 0.527h | 0.046b | 0.355f |
| Pro | 3.000 | 0.135ef | / | 0.320k | 0.169gh | 0.016a | 0.07d | 0.344l | 0.167gh | 0.274j | 0.970n |
| Malic acid | 5.000 | 3.420i | / | / | 1.470f | / | 1.975g | / | 0.897d | 0.890d | / |
| Citric acid | 3.100 | / | / | / | / | / | 1.265b | / | / | / | / |
| Lactic acid | 2.600 | 3.931d | 2.810c | 3.595d | 5.931f | 3.093c | 1.886b | 1.842b | 2.786c | / | / |
| Succinic acid | 1.060 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Oxalic acid | 5.000 | 0.313c | 3.443k | / | 1.313h | 0.202b | 0.055a | 1.164g | 2.262j | / | 0.770e |
| Tartaric acid | 0.410 | / | 5.637b | 33.454e | / | / | / | / | 10.449c | / | 42.094g |
| Formic acid | 2.000 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | 2.884b | / | / |
| Acetic acid | 1.200 | / | / | / | / | 2.187a | / | / | / | 4.027d | 4.037d |
| Propionic acid | 0.112 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | 58.070a | / |
| Pyruvic acid | 3.000 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Ascorbic acid | 1.200 | 1.623c | / | / | 0.710b | / | 2.505c | / | / | 1.751d | / |
| Pyroglutamic acid | 5.000 | 0.007a | 0.007a | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| 5'‐GMP | 0.255 | 1.164g | 0.598d | / | 0.168b | 3.295k | 1.980i | / | 0.815f | 0.149b | 1.865i |
| 5'‐IMP | 1.800 | 0.132h | 0.219i | 0.046d | 0.035c | 0.021bc | 0.074fg | 0.225i | 0.082fg | 0.014a | 0.320j |
| 5'‐AMP | 0.125 | 3.986b | 1.580a | / | 0.300a | 0.274a | 1.921a | 1.182a | 1.119a | / | 2.062a |
/: not detected. Superscript letters between columns represent significant differences between cultivars (p<.05).