TABLE 9.
Procyanidins and flavanols in coffee by‐products in Arabica and Robusta from Mexico, India, and China
| Procyanidin and flavonoids | Mexico | India | China | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabica | Robusta | Arabica | Robusta | Arabica | Robusta | |
| Quercetin‐O‐rutinoside | 23.1 ± 9.9 | 8.1 ± 0.9 | 3.9 ± 2.2 | 6.4 ± 3.5 | 2 ± 0.5 | 0.7 ± 0.2 |
| Quercetin‐3‐O‐rutinoside | 153.8 ± 62.4 | 3.7 ± 0.2 | 1 ± 9.2 | 4.7 ± 2.5 | 9.8 ± 2.2 | 2.6 ± 0.5 |
| Quercetin‐3‐O‐galactoside | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 2.9 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 2.9 ± 1.7 | 0.2 ± 0 | 0.1 ± 0 |
| (+)‐catechin | 32.4 ± 7.8 | n.d. | 37.3 ± 15.6 | 7.7 ± 1.3 | 21.1 ± 6.2 | 0.1 ± 0.1 |
| (−)epicatechin | 17.9 ± 2.6 | n.d. | 4.6 ± 2.1 | n.d. | 16 ± 2.5 | 0.5 ± 0.5 |
Abbreviation: n.d., nondetected.