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. 2020 Jun 13;8(7):3947–3956. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.1710

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© 2020 The Authors. Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Effects of the bioactive peptide fractions on mRNA expressions of pro‐inflammatory mediators in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells. (a) TNF‐α; (b) IL‐1β; (c) IL‐6; (d) i‐NOS. The final concentrations of the bioactive peptide fractions were 0.6 mg/ml in the initial culture media. All tests were conducted in triplicate, and mean values are used. The vertical bars represent the standard deviation of each data point. Values marked by the same letter are not significantly different versus PBS + LPS (**p < .01; *p < .05)