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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 25.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Cogn Sci. 2018 Jun 12;22(7):569–582. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2018.04.004

Figure 1. Examples of cortical reorganization (i.e. crossmodal occipital activation) observed in early blind individuals using fMRI.

Figure 1.

Occipital cortical areas (white circle, shown in sagittal plane) typically associated with processing visual information are found to respond to stimulation from non-visual modalities. (A) Occipital cortical regions that were activated more in early blind compared to sighted controls in response to auditory processing (sound localization task [22], modified from Renier et al., 2010). (B) Occipital cortical responses within a group of blind subjects reading Braille (compared to rest) [23] (modified from Gizewski et al., 2003). (C) Greater activity within occipital cortex in early blind compared to sighted controls in response to auditory linguistic stimuli [24] (modified from Bedny et al., 2011).