Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population at baseline according to BMI category (n = 504).
| Characteristic | Total n = 504 | Normal n = 139 (27%) | Overweight n = 150 (30%) | Obese n = 215 (43%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age – mean ± sd | 68 ± 15 | 70 ± 16 | 71 ± 13 | 63 ± 14 | <0.001 |
| <45 yrs | 33 (7%) | 9 (6%) | 7 (5%) | 17 (8%) | <0.001 |
| 45–64 yrs | 155 (31%) | 34 (24%) | 28 (19%) | 93 (43%) | |
| ≥65 | 316 (63%) | 96 (69%) | 115 (77%) | 105 (49%) | |
| Male sex– n (%) | 263 (52%) | 84 (60%) | 84 (56%) | 95 (44%) | 0.006 |
| Race | 0.64 | ||||
| Black | 454 (90%) | 126 (91%) | 132 (88%) | 196 (91%) | |
| White | 20 (4%) | 8 (6%) | 7 (5%) | 5 (2%) | |
| Asian | 2 (0.4%) | 1 (1%) | 0 | 1 (0.5%) | |
| Hispanic | 3 (0.6%) | 0 | 1 (1%) | 2 (1%) | |
| Unknown | 25 (5%) | 4 (3%) | 10 (7%) | 11 (5%) | |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Diabetes | 269 (53%) | 72 (52%) | 85 (57%) | 112 (52%) | 0.63 |
| Hypertension | 416 (83%) | 102 (73%) | 127 (85%) | 187 (87%) | 0.003 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 174 (35%) | 38 (27%) | 55 (37%) | 81 (38%) | 0.11 |
| Coronary Artery Disease | 96 (19%) | 30 (22%) | 39 (26%) | 27 (13%) | 0.003 |
| COPD | 41 (8%) | 7 (5%) | 9 (6%) | 25 (12%) | 0.05 |
| Asthma | 41 (8%) | 4 (3%) | 12 (8%) | 25 (12%) | 0.009 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 81 (16%) | 21 (15%) | 28 (19%) | 32 (15%) | 0.59 |
| ESRDa | 65 (13%) | 18 (13%) | 24 (16%) | 23 (11%) | 0.34 |
| qSOFA ≥ 2b | 156 (31%) | 51 (33%) | 48 (32%) | 57 (37%) | 0.12 |
| Current or Former Smoker | 71 (14%) | 16 (12%) | 28 (19%) | 27 (13%) | 0.06 |
| Outcomes | |||||
| Intubation | 113 (22%) | 17 (12%) | 36 (24%) | 60 (28%) | 0.002 |
| Acute kidney injury | 95 (19%) | 31 (22%) | 31 (21%) | 33 (15%) | 0.21 |
| Acute cardiac injury | 160 (32%) | 40 (29%) | 49 (33%) | 71 (33%) | 0.66 |
| ARDSc | 91 (18%) | 18 (13%) | 28 (19%) | 45 (21%) | 0.16 |
| Mortality | 219 (43%) | 51 (37%) | 81 (54%) | 87 (40%) | 0.006 |
aEnd stage renal disease.
bQuick sequential organ failure assessment.
cAcute respiratory distress syndrome.