Table 2.

Changes of PSQI Scores from Baseline to Follow-Up

		Treatment Group (n=30)		Control Group A (n=30)		Control Group B (n=30)		T vs CAb			T vs CBb
		Mean±SD	Within-Group Effect Sizea	Mean±SD	Within-Group Effect Sizea	Mean±SD	Within-Group Effect Sizea	Estimate (SE)	t	P-valuec	Estimate (SE)	t	P-valuec
PSQI	Week 0	16.47±1.89		16.13±2.70		16.87±4.83		0.28 (0.07)	3.96	<0.001	0.20 (0.09)	2.40	0.04
	Week 4	12.13±3.44	−0.62	15.10±3.62	−0.16	14.97±3.18	−0.23
	Week 8	9.83±3.11	−0.14	13.90±3.38	−0.17	13.93±3.22	−0.16
	Week 12	11.40±3.52	0.10	14.47±3.33	0.08	14.10±3.00	0.27

Notes: ^aEffect size by Cohen’s d formula. ^bTreatment and time interaction from the linear mixed-effects model. ^cP-value by Bonferroni correction

Abbreviations: PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; T, treatment group; CA, control group A; CB, control group B; SE, standard error.