Table 1.

Patient characteristics

Characteristics	Former smokers (n = 1012)	Current smokers (n = 887)	Never smoked (n = 1412)
Age, mean (s.d.), years	58.77 (12.30)**	53.59 (11.72)**	55.33 (15.41)*
Sex (female), n (%)	636 (62.8)*	596 (67.2)**	1221 (86.5)**
BMI, mean (s.d.)	27.47 (4.90)**	25.95 (4.74)*	27.03 (5.13)**
Disease duration, years, median (IQR)	1.74 (0.25–10.59)**	4.22 (0.07–6.00)*	3.08 (0.45–11.00)**
RF positive, n (%)	656 (66.3)*	632 (72.3)	885 (63.9)**
Anti-CCP positive, n (%)	597 (61.0)	529 (63.3)*	766 (56.4)*
Extra-articular RA, n (%)	48 (6.3)	42 (5.9)	82 (8.1)
Statin, n (%)	111 (11.0)*	69 (7.8)	175 (12.4)**
Anti-hypertensive, n (%)	220 (21.7)**	137 (15.5)	331 (23.5)**
MTX, n (%)	398 (39.7)**	263 (29.8)*	635 (45.1)**
HCQ, n (%)	128 (12.7)	95 (10.8)**	287 (20.4)**
DMARD, n (%)	515 (51.1)**	368 (41.6)**	824 (58.5)**
Biologic, n (%)	155 (15.4)*	111 (12.6)	250 (17.8)**
Steroids, n (%)	240 (23.8)	215 (24.3)*	412 (29.3)*

^* P < 0.05,

^** P < 0.001.