Table 1.
Characteristics of patients and risk factors for increased carotid intima-media thickness in patients with HIV infection.
| Variable | Total Population | CIMT ≥75th percentile | CIMT <75th percentile | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 96) | (N= 11) | (N= 85) | ||
| Age (years) | 39.7±11.9 | 49.3±8.9 | 38.5±11.7 | 0.004 |
| Men | 85 (89%) | 11 (100%) | 74 (87%) | 0.35 |
| Hispanic | 96 (100%) | 11 (100%) | 85 (100%) | |
| Metabolic syndrome | 30 (31%) | 7 (64%) | 23 (27%) | 0.032 |
| BMI ≥25 (kg/ m2) | 59 (62%) | 9 (82%) | 50 (59%) | 0.20 |
| Waist circumference ≥88 (female) or ≥102 (Male) (cm) | 27 (28%) | 5 (46%) | 22 (26%) | 0.28 |
| SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥85(mmHg) | 34 (35%) | 5 (46%) | 29 (34%) | 0.51 |
| Triglycerides ≥150 (mg/dl) | 43 (45%) | 8 (73%) | 35 (41%) | 0.059 |
| HDL cholesterol <50 (female) or <40 (men) (mg/dl) | 41 (43%) | 4 (36%) | 37 (44%) | 0.75 |
| Fasting blood glucose ≥100 (mg/dl) | 25 (26%) | 5 (46%) | 20 (24%) | 0.15 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 89.6±30.7 | 108.9±44.2 | 87.1±27.9 | 0.084 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 11 (12%) | 2 (18%) | 9 (11%) | 0.61 |
| Current/former smoking | 51 (53%) | 6 (55%) | 45 (53%) | 1.00 |
| Current/former alcohol use | 43 (45%) | 4 (36%) | 39 (46%) | 0.75 |
| Framingham risk score 10-year risk) | <.001 | |||
| High | 19 (20%) | 7 (64%) | 12 (14%) | |
| Intermediate | 19 (20%) | 3 (27%) | 16 (19%) | |
| Low | 58 (60%) | 1 (9%) | 57 (67%) | |
| CD4 cell count ≥200 (cells/μl) | 82 (85%) | 10 (91%) | 72 (85%) | 1.00 |
| HIV infection duration ≥5 (years) | 36 (38%) | 8 (73%) | 28 (33%) | 0.018 |
| HIV-RNA ≥200 (copies/ml) | 26 (27%) | 3 (27%) | 23 (27%) | 1.00 |
| Treatment | ||||
| Integrase inhibitors | 28 (29%) | 0 (0%) | 28 (33%) | 0.030 |
| NNRTI | 13 (14%) | 0 (0%) | 13 (15%) | 0.35 |
| NRTI | 89 (93%) | 10 (91%) | 79 (93%) | 0.59 |
| Protease inhibitors (PI) | 61 (64%) | 11 (100) | 50 (59%) | 0.006 |
Continuous variables are presented as mean ± SD, all others an n (%). BMI=body mass index; CIMT=carotid artery intima-media thickness; CVD=cardiovascular disease; DBP=diastolic blood pressure; HDL=high-density lipoprotein; LDL=low-density lipoprotein; NNRTI=Non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors; NRTI=Nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors; RNA= ribonucleic acid; SBP= systolic blood pressure; SD=standard deviation.