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. 2020 Jul 26;9(7):e1159. doi: 10.1002/cti2.1159

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Longitudinal profile of plasma IL‐6 levels in patients with and without COX‐2 inhibitor treatment. Concentrations of 45 immune mediators were quantified using a 45‐plex microbead‐based immunoassay. (a) Cytokine levels were measured in the plasma fractions of COVID‐19 pneumonia patients aged ≥ 50 who received etoricoxib treatment (n = 6) at multiple timepoints and showed reduction in IL‐6 level in five of six patients. (b) Serial plasma cytokine levels were also monitored in COVID‐19 pneumonia patients aged ≥ 50 in the control group (n = 28) during illness progression. (c) Plasma samples from the first and last timepoints were also analysed from COVID‐19 pneumonia patients aged ≥ 50 in the control group (n = 28). IL‐6 profiles were compared between treatment and control groups. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U‐test (*P < 0.05). Patient samples that are not detectable are assigned the value of logarithm transformation of limit of quantification (LOQ). Cytokine level for healthy controls (n = 13) is indicated by the blue dotted line.