Table 2.

Overview of major characteristics of classified POC CRISPR nucleotide sensing applications.

Type	Method	sensor type	Effector	Ampli-fication	Quanti-tative	LODa	Multi-plex	Read-out	Time	Sample type	Target Type	disease/pathogen	Refs
II	NASBACC	Toehold switch	Cas9	NASBA	Semi	1 fM	No	Colorimetric	3 h	Raw	DNA	Zika virus	Pardee et al. (2016)
	CASFLA	LFA	(d)Cas9	PCR/RPA	Yes	82 aM	No	Colorimetric	1–1.5 h	Raw	DNA	African Swine Fever	Wang et al., 2020
	Cas9nAR	LFA	Cas9	SDA	Semi	100 copies	No	Colorimetric	~3 h	Pre-treated	DNA	Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli	Wang et al., 2020
	-	LFA	Cas9	-	Semi	1 nM	No	Colorimetric	< 30 min	Pre-treated	DNA	Various pathogens	Hu et al. (2020)
	CRISPR-chip	Field-effect transistor	Cas9	–	Yes	2.3 fM	No	Potentiometry	15 min	Pre-treated	DNA	Duchenne muscular dystrophy	Hajian et al. (2019)
	–	Micro array	dCas9	–	Yes	10 CFU/ml	No	Fluorescence	30 min	Raw	DNA	MRSA bacterium	Guk et al. (2017)
	–	Nanoelectrokinetic chip	dCas9	–	No	–	No	Fluorescence	<1 h	Pre-treated	DNA	HIV	Lee et al. (2018)
	–	SMR sensor	dCas9	(rt-)RPA	Yes	~0.6 fM	No	Change in R.I.	~20 min	Raw	DNA/RNA	Tick born disease	Koo et al., 2018a
	–	Nanopore sensors	dCas9	–	No	Single copy	No	Resistive pulse	1–2 h	Synthetic	DNA	–	Yang et al. (2018)
	–	Nanopore sensors	dCas9	–	No	Single copy	No	Resistive pulse	<1h	Synthetic	DNA	–	Weckman et al. (2019)
V	SCAN	Nanopore sensors	Cas12a	-	No	10 nM	No	Resistive pulse	1 h	Synthetic	DNA	HIV	Nouri et al. (2020)
	–	One-pot reaction	Cas12a	LAMP	Yes	0.05% GM DNA	No	Fluorescence	45 min	Pre-treated	DNA	GMOs	Wu et al. (2020a)
	ULC	One-pot reaction	Cas12a	Uracil-LAMP	Yes	Single copy	No	Fluorescence	<1 h	Pre-treated	DNA	Citrus greening disease	Qian et al. (2019)
	–	One-pot reaction	Cas12a	LAMP	Yes	~1 fM	No	Fluorescence	<1 h	Raw	DNA	African Swine Fever	Qian et al. (2020)
	–	Portable microplatereader	Cas12a	–	Semi	1 pM/0.2 nM	Yes	Fluorescence	1 h	Pre-treated	DNA	African Swine Fever	He et al. (2020)
	DAMR	3D printer inset/tube	Cas12a	RPA	Yes	10-100 copies	Yes	Fluorescence	<1 h	Raw	DNA	HPV	Yin et al. (2020)
	IMPACT	PDMS micropillar chip	Cas12a	–	Semi	0.1–10 nM	No	Fluorescence	~10 min	Raw	DNA	African Swine Fever	Hass et al. (2020)
	CORDS	LFA	Cas12a	RAA	No	10 fM	No	Fluorescence/Colorimetric	~1h	Pre-treated	DNA	African Swine Fever	Bai et al. (2019)
	-	LFA	Cas12a	RPA	No	10 pM	No	Fluorescence/Colorimetric	15–60 min	Raw	RNA	SARS-CoV-2	Curti et al. (2020)
	DETECTR	LFA	Cas12a	RT-LAMP	No	20 aM	No	Fluorescence/Colorimetric	30–40 min	Pre-treated	RNA	SARS-CoV-2	Broughton et al. (2020)
	AIOD-CRISPR	One-pot reaction	Cas12a	RPA	Semi	~1 copy	No	Fluorescence/Colorimetric	<1 h	Pre-treated	DNA	SARS-Cov-2/HIV	Ding et al. (2020)
V	CIA-LFB	LFA	Cas12a	LAMP	No	3.4 aM	No	Colorimetric	30min–1 h	Raw	DNA	P.aeruginosa	Mukama et al. (2020a)
	CIA-LFB	LFA	Cas12a	PCR/LAMP	Semi	3.1 aM	No	Colorimetric	<1 h	Raw	DNA	HPV	Mukama et al. (2020b)
	–	LFA	Cas12a	RPA	Semi	0.24 fM	No	Colorimetric	~3 h	Raw	DNA	HPV	Tsou et al. (2019)
	MAV-chip	Platinum nanoreporter	Cas12a	–	Yes	10pM	Yes	Colorimetric	~1 h	Pre-treated	DNA	Liver cancer	Shao et al. (2019)
	CRISPR-μPAD	ssDNA-anchored hydrogel on paper fluidics	Cas12a	–	Yes	400 pM	No	Colorimetric	1–4h	Synthetic	DNA/RNA	Ebola virus	English et al. (2019)
				RT-RPA		11 aM	No	Electronic
	E-CRISPR	Electrochemical chip	Cas12a	–	Yes	1 pM/0.2 nM	No	Electrochemical	~1 h	Raw	DNA	HPV/Parvovirus	Dai et al. (2019)
	–	Electrochemical chip	Cas12a	–	Yes	30 pM/100 pM*	No	Electrochemical	~1 h	Pre-treated/Raw*	DNA	HPV	Zhang et al., 2020
	HOLMESv2	One-pot reaction	Cas12b	LAMP	Yes	10aM/1pM*	No	Fluorescence	<1h	Pre-treated/Raw*	DNA/RNA	Several viruses and DNA methylation	L. Li et al. (2019)
	CasDetec	One-pot reaction	Cas12b	RT-RAA	Semi	1x104 copies/mL	No	Fluorescence/Colorimetric	<1 h	Pre-treated	DNA	SARS-CoV-2	Guo et al. (2020a)
	-	AuNP colorimetric	Cas12a	LAMP	Yes	50 aM	No	Colorimetric	-	Synthetic	DNA	Hepatitis B	R. Zhou et al. (2020)
VI	–	Fluorescence reader with paper fluidics	Cas13a	–	Yes	3.7 nM	No	Fluorescence	20 min	Synthetic	RNA	–	Katzmeier et al. (2019)
	–	LFA	Cas13a	RT RPA	No	90 aM–9 aM	No	Fluorescence/Colorimetric	<2 h	Raw	RNA	Zika/dengue virus	Myhrvold et al. (2018)
	SHERLOCKv2	LFA	Cas13a	RPA	No	20–200 aM	No	Fluorescence/Colorimetric	<1 h	Pre-treated	RNA	SARS-CoV-2	F. Zhang et al. (2020)
	SHERLOCKv2	LFA	Cas13a	RT-RPA	No	0.5–2.3 aM	No	Colorimetric	<2 h	Raw	DNA	BK polyomavirus and cytomegalovirus	Kaminski et al. (2020)
	–	LFA	Cas13a	RPA	No	10 copies	No	Colorimetric	~1 h	Pre-treated	DNA/RNA	White Spot Syndrome Virus	Sullivan et al. (2019)
	–	LFA	Cas13a	RPA	No	~1.x105 copies/ml	No	Colorimetric	1–2 h	Pre-treated	RNA	Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
	PECL-CRISPR	Electrochemiluminescence	Cas13a	EXPAR	Yes	1 fM	No	Electrochemiluminescence	< 2 h	Pre-treated	miRNA	Various tumor cells	Zhou et al., 2020
Multi	–	AuNP colorimetric	Cas12a/Cas13a	RPA/PCR	Semi	200 copies	No	Colorimetric	>20 min	Pre-treated	DNA/RNA	Various pathogenic bacteria	Yuan et al. (2020)
	E-DNA	Electrochemical chip	Cas9/Cas12a	–	Yes	~10 fM- 100 fM	No	Electrochemical	<1 h	Raw	DNA	Parvovirus	Xu et al. (2020)

^aAll values are taken from the original publications.