Table 1.
Characteristics of participants with or without stimulant medication
| Variables | Total patients (n = 97) | On stimulants (n = 28) | No stimulant medication (n = 69) | pvalue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 6.1 ± 0.3 | 6.1 ± 1.9 | 6.0 ± 1.7 | 0.91 |
| Sex, male/female | 78 (80.4)/19 (19.6) | 24 (85.7)/4 (14.3) | 54 (78.3)/15 (21.7) | 0.40 |
| Race/ethnicity, white/non-white | 62 (63.9)/35 (36.1) | 21 (75.0)/7 (25.0) | 41 (59.4)/28 (40.6) | 0.79 |
| Treatment duration | 161.9 ± 106.2 | 161.1 ± 113.5 | 163.8 ± 87.3 | 0.91 |
| Clinical diagnoses | ||||
| ADHD | 45 (46.4) | 21 (75.0) | 24 (34.8) | |
| ODD | 51 (52.6) | 13 (46.4) | 38 (55.1) | |
| CD | 2 (2.0) | 1 (3.6) | 1 (1.4) | |
| DBD not otherwise specified | 28 (28.9) | 6 (21.4) | 22 (31.9) | |
| DMDD | 3 (3.1) | 0 (0) | 3 (4.3) | |
| Reactive Attachment Disorder | 10 (10.3) | 2 (7.1) | 8 (11.6) | |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder | 4 (4.1) | 1 (3.6) | 3 (4.3) | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | |
| Adjustment Disorder | 7 (7.2) | 1 (3.6) | 6 (8.7) | |
| PTSD | 8 (8.2) | 4 (14.3) | 4 (5.8) | |
| CBCL score profiles | ||||
| Attentional problems | 65.9 ± 9.2 | 65.4 ± 9.40 | 67.0 ± 8.9 | 0.45 |
| Aggressive behavior | 74.4 ± 13.2 | 74.6 ± 13.9 | 73.9 ± 11.5 | 0.82 |
| Externalizing problems | 71.1 ± 10.5 | 71.2 ± 11.1 | 71.0 ± 9.1 | 0.94 |
| ADHD-DSM | 65.5 ± 9.0 | 65.2 ± 9.2 | 66.3 ± 8.5 | 0.59 |
| ODD-DSM | 70.6 ± 8.4 | 70.9 ± 8.8 | 69.9 ± 7.5 | 0.58 |
| Irritability | 4.5 ± 1.6 | 4.6 ± 1.5 | 4.2 ± 1.8 | 0.24 |
| CD-DSM | 73.9 ± 9.4 (n = 51) | 71.2 ± 9.2 (n = 19) | 75.6 ± 9.3 (n = 32) | 0.11 |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (%).
ADHD, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder; ODD, Oppositional Defiant Disorder; CD, Conduct Disorder; DBD, Disruptive Behavior Disorder; DMDD, Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder; PTSD, Post-Traumatic
Stress Disorder; DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.