Table 2.
Levels of native thiol, total thiol, disulfide, disulfide/native thiol, disulfide/total thiol, and native/total thiol according to groups
| Variable | Bipolar depression | Unipolar depression | Control | pvalue | Pairwise comparison |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Native thiol (SH) | 310.6 ± 51.6 | 327.3 ± 53.3 | 344.4 ± 49.5 | 0.011a | BD vs. UD, p = 0.518 |
| BD vs. C, p = 0.009 | |||||
| UD vs. C, p = 0.447 | |||||
| Total thiol (ToSH) | 358.0 ± 53.5 | 377.9 ± 54.7 | 383.8 ± 52.1 | 0.081a | - |
| Disulfide (SS) | 22.15 (12.35−49.3) | 25.95 (17.65−33) | 19.23 (12.55−31.35) | < 0.001b | BD vs. UD, p = 0.132 |
| BD vs. C, p = 0.015 | |||||
| UD vs. C, p < 0.001 | |||||
| Disulfide/native thiol (SS/SH) | 6.64 (4.38−28.97) | 7.91 (5.3−12.32) | 5.72 (3.71−8.26) | < 0.001b | BD vs. UD, p = 0.494 |
| BD vs. C, p = 0.001 | |||||
| UD vs. C, p < 0.001 | |||||
| Disulfide/total thiol (SS/ToSH) | 5.86 (4.03−18.34) | 6.83 (4.8−9.89) | 5.13 (3.46−7.09) | < 0.001b | BD vs. UD, p = 0.491 |
| BD vs. C, p = 0.001 | |||||
| UD vs. C, p < 0.001 | |||||
| Native thiol/total thiol (SH/ToSH) | 88.28 (63.32−91.94) | 86.35 (80.23−90.41) | 89.74 (85.83−93.09) | < 0.001b | BD vs. UD, p = 0.489 |
| BD vs. C, p < 0.001 | |||||
| UD vs. C, p = 0.001 |
Descriptive statistics were presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (minimum−maximum) for continuous variables.
BD, bipolar depression; UD, unipolar depression; C, control.
a
ANOVA (analysis of variance). bKruskal−Wallis test. Bonferroni correction was used for pairwise comparisons. The significance level was set at p < 0.05.