Table 3.
Preparedness and risk reduction approaches toward COVID-19.
| Preparedness/risk reduction approaches | No | Yes | Total | Odds ratio (OR) | 95% Confidence interval (CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Use sanitizers | Lecturers | 7 (10) | 63 (90) | 70 | 0.13 | 0.04-0.41 | .00015 |
| Students | 15 (45.5) | 18 (54.5) | 33 | ||||
| Wear face masks | Lecturers | 5 (10.9) | 41 (89.1) | 46 | 0.75 | 0.18-2.83 | .7686 |
| Students | 8 (14) | 49 (86) | 57 | ||||
| Cover mouth when coughing | Lecturers | 2 (4.3) | 44 (95.7) | 46 | 0.33 | 0.32-1.84 | .1833 |
| Students | 7 (12.3) | 50 (87.7) | 57 | ||||
| Wash hands | Lecturers | 2 (3.8) | 51 (96.2) | 53 | 0.18 | 0.02-0.95 | .0255 |
| Students | 9 (18) | 41 (82) | 50 | ||||
| To continue with social distancing (at least 2 m) | Lecturers | 7 (13.7) | 44 (86.3) | 51 | 0.67 | 0.2-2.2 | .5969 |
| Students | 10 (19.2) | 42 (80.8) | 52 | ||||
| Avoid crowds | Lecturers | 2 (3.8) | 50 (96.2) | 52 | 0.25 | 0.02-1.43 | .9233 |
| Students | 7 (13.7) | 44 (86.3) | 51 | ||||
| No handshake | Lecturers | 4 (9.5) | 38 (90.5) | 42 | 0.54 | 0.11-2.05 | .3901 |
| Students | 10 (16.4) | 51 (83.6) | 61 | ||||
| Risk communication contact | Lecturers | 12 (22.2) | 42 (77.8) | 54 | 0.65 | 0.24-1.72 | .3752 |
| Students | 15 (30.6) | 34 (69.4) | 49 | ||||
| Attitudes | Negative | Positive | Total | Odds ratio (OR) | 95% Confidence interval (CI) | P value | |
| COVID-19 is dangerous and can kill anyone | Lecturer | 1 (2) | 49 (98) | 50 | 1.06 | 0.01-84.83 | 1 |
| Student | 1 (1.9) | 52 (98.1) | 53 | ||||
| Use of PPE | Lecturer | 5 (8.6) | 53 (91.4) | 58 | 0.26 | 0.07-0.89 | .0175 |
| Student | 12 (26.7) | 33 (73.3) | 45 | ||||
| Self-quarantine | Lecturer | 3 (4.3) | 67 (95.7) | 70 | 0.07 | 0.01-0.29 | 1.4 e−05 |
| Student | 13 (39.4) | 20 (60.6) | 33 | ||||
| Anyone can get COVID-19 | Lecturer | 4 (6.6) | 57 (93.4) | 61 | 0.12 | 0.03-0.46 | .0002 |
| Student | 15 (35.7) | 27 (64.3) | 42 | ||||
| Staying home | Lecturer | 17 (44.7) | 21 (55.3) | 38 | 0.26 | 0.10-0.67 | .0027 |
| Student | 47 (74.6) | 16 (25.4) | 63 | ||||
| Adhering to set rules | Lecturer | 5 (7.4) | 63 (92.6) | 68 | 0.23 | 0.06-0.86 | .0149 |
| Student | 9 (25.7) | 26 (74.3) | 35 | ||||
| Visiting hospital | Lecturer | 47 (72.3) | 18 (27.7) | 65 | 0.81 | 0.28-2.21 | .8169 |
| Student | 29 (20.4) | 9 (23.7) | 38 | ||||
| Getting in touch with former COVID-19 victims | Lecturer | 10 (20.4) | 39 (79.6) | 49 | 0.47 | 0.17-1.25 | .1255 |
| Student | 19 (35.2) | 35 (64.8) | 54 | ||||
| Avoiding person to person | Lecturer | 17 (32.7) | 35 (67.3) | 52 | 0.75 | 0.31-1.82 | .5416 |
| Student | 20 (39.2) | 31 (60.8) | 51 |
Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; PPE, personal protective equipment.