Table 2.
Overall, Physical, Psychological, and Social Frailty at Baseline and Follow‐Up
| Groups of PA | Baseline | Follow‐Up | P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Frailty Score (Score Range = 0‐15) | |||
| Baseline frequency of PA | |||
| Regular frequency (n = 1272) | 4.45 ± 2.91b | 4.56 ± 3.16b | .122 |
| Low frequency (n = 463) | 6.96 ± 3.07b | 6.80 ± 3.27b | .165 |
| 12‐mo Change in PA | |||
| Continued regular frequency (n = 1020) | 4.18 ± 2.78c | 4.10 ± 2.95c | .337 |
| Decreased frequency (n = 252) | 5.57 ± 3.18c | 6.39 ± 3.34c | <.001 |
| Continued low frequency (n = 302) | 7.42 ± 2.93c | 7.67 ± 2.95c | .069 |
| Increased frequency (n = 161) | 6.10 ± 3.16c | 5.18 ± 3.22c | <.001 |
| Physical Frailty Score (Score Range = 0‐8) | |||
| Baseline frequency of PA | |||
| Regular frequency (n = 1272) | 2.51 ± 1.96b | 2.55 ± 2.16b | .409 |
| Low frequency (n = 463) | 4.20 ± 2.05b | 3.99 ± 2.13b | .009 |
| 12‐mo Change in PA | |||
| Continued regular frequency (n = 1020) | 2.33 ± 1.88c | 2.27 ± 2.04c | .313 |
| Decreased frequency (n = 252) | 3.26 ± 2.12c | 3.68 ± 2.67c | <.001 |
| Continued low frequency (n = 302) | 4.55 ± 1.91c | 4.54 ± 1.90c | .930 |
| Increased frequency (n = 161) | 3.56 ± 2.16c | 2.94 ± 2.17c | <.001 |
| Psychological Frailty Score (Score Range = 0‐4) | |||
| Baseline frequency of PA | |||
| Regular frequency (n = 1272) | 1.00 ± 1.00b | 1.06 ± 1.08b | .052 |
| Low frequency (n = 463) | 1.52 ± 1.10b | 1.61 ± 1.20b | .092 |
| 12‐mo Change in PA | |||
| Continued regular frequency (n = 1020) | 0.94 ± 0.97c | 0.92 ± 1.01c | .550 |
| Decreased frequency (n = 252) | 1.25 ± 1.06c | 1.60 ± 1.20c | <.001 |
| Continued low frequency (n = 302) | 1.64 ± 1.13c | 1.85 ± 1.21c | <.001 |
| Increased frequency (n = 161) | 1.30 ± 1.02c | 1.15 ± 1.05c | .103 |
|
Social Frailty Score (Score Range = 0‐3) |
|||
| Baseline frequency of PA | |||
| Regular frequency (n = 1272) | 0.94 ± 0.88b | 0.95 ± 0.88b | .601 |
| Low frequency (n = 463) | 1.24 ± 0.90b | 1.21 ± 0.89b | .485 |
| 12‐mo Change in PA | |||
| Continued regular frequency (n = 1020) | 0.91 ± 0.86c | 0.90 ± 0.87c | .898 |
| Decreased frequency (n = 252) | 1.05 ± 0.96c | 1.12 ± 0.91c | .197 |
| Continued low frequency (n = 302) | 1.23 ± 0.91c | 1.28 ± 0.88c | .266 |
| Increased frequency (n = 161) | 1.25 ± 0.89c | 1.08 ± 0.90c | .011 |
Note. Data presented as mean ± SD; a higher score represents a higher level of frailty.
Abbreviation: PA, physical activity.
a
Significant P values in bold; paired t test was used.
b
P < .001; P values are based on independent t test.
c
P < .001; P values are based on one‐way analysis of variance.