Table 6.
Frequencies of specific severe maternal morbidity (SMM) types, and associated rate ratios and population attributable fractions (PAF) for case fatality and prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS), Canada (excluding Quebec), 2012‐2016
| Morbidity | Prolonged LOS | Case fatality | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rate ratio (95% CI) | PAF (95% CI) | Rate ratio (95% CI) | PAF (95% CI) | |
| Any severe maternal morbidity | 14.5 (14.0, 14.9) | 17.8 (17.3, 18.3) | 459.1 (195.9, 1076.0) | 88.0 (74.6, 94.4) |
| Severe pre‐eclampsia, HELLP, eclampsia | 18.1 (17.5, 18.9) | 8.75 (8.36, 9.13) | 3.6, 15.2* | 1.8, 5.4* |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 17.7 (13.5, 23.2) | 0.16 (0.11, 0.20) | 1133.6 (457.5, 2809.3) | 9.8 (1.3, 17.6) |
| Severe haemorrhage | 9.36 (8.82, 9.92) | 4.01 (3.73, 4.28) | 118.3 (67.1, 208.6) | 37.2 (22.1, 49.0) |
| Severe uterine rupture | 17.4 (13.9, 21.8) | 0.24 (0.17, 0.30) | 139.1, 591.7* | 2.0, 7.8* |
| Cardiac conditions | 22.4 (20.5, 24.5) | 1.32 (1.17, 1.47) | 3835.8 (2107.8, 6980.4) | 70.6 (55.0, 80.8) |
| Sepsis | 16.7 (15.3 18.4) | 1.42 (1.26, 1.58) | 21.9, 93.1* | 1.9, 7.8* |
| Obstetric embolism, shock, DIC | 18.0 (16.3, 19.9) | 1.15 (1.01, 1.30) | 865.0 (492.1, 1520.7) | 37.2 (22.4, 49.2) |
| Acute renal failure/dialysis | 34.0 (31.6, 36.6) | 1.48 (1.32, 1.65) | 469.6 (229.5, 960.7) | 17.6 (6.44, 27.4) |
| Hysterectomy | 14.6 (13.5, 15.8) | 1.98 (1.79, 2.17) | 89.5 (38.2, 209.7) | 11.4 (2.32, 20.1) |
| Surgical complications | 8.42 (7.64, 9.27) | 1.42 (1.25, 1.58) | 280.6 (158.2, 497.7) | 34.9 (20.6, 47.6) |
| Maternal ICU admission | 24.4 (23.2, 25.7) | 4.31 (4.03, 4.58) | 461.2 (266.4, 798.2) | 47.0 (31.3, 59.1) |
| Assisted ventilation | 30.8 (28.8, 33.0) | 1.94 (1.75, 2.12) | 1987.9 (1146.4, 3447.1) | 56.9 (40.8, 68.5) |
Rate ratios contrast the rate of prolonged hospitalisation/death among women with any severe morbidity vs women without severe morbidity (and the presence of specific SMM types with the absence of that SMM type). The population attributable fraction expresses the fraction of women with a prolonged hospital stay/death that could be eliminated by preventing all SMM or by preventing a specific SMM type. Note: SMM types are not mutually exclusive.
Abbreviation: DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulation.
If the numerator of the rate was >0 and <5, a numerator of 1 and 4 was used to calculate the rate and 2 rate ratios and PAFs were estimated (95% CI not provided).