FIGURE 1.
Location of the 30 Scots pine study sites distributed along a latitudinal gradient that ranged from southern Spain to northern Germany. HELP, high‐elevation sites with low productivity; LEHP, low‐elevation sites with high productivity; MELP, mid‐elevation sites with low productivity. The grey shade used as a background within the map represents the natural distribution of Scots pine adapted from Mátyás, Ackzell, & Samuel (2004)