Table 2.

Associations of family demands and work‐life conflict with poor mental health

	Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)
	Men (n = 24 939)	Women (n = 24 462)
Education level
≤High school	1.00	1.00
≥College	0.82 (0.75–0.91)**	0.95 (0.86–1.06)
No answer	0.84 (0.56–1.26)	1.05 (0.74–1.49)
Income (USD a per mo)
<1880	1.00	1.00
≥1880	0.96 (0.88–1.06)	1.02 (0.94–1.12)
No answer	1.15 (0.92–1.45)	1.21 (0.94–1.48)
Self‐rated health
Poor	1.00	1.00
Average	0.48 (0.43–0.54)**	0.57 (0.52–0.64)**
Good	0.20 (0.18–0.23)**	0.26 (0.24–0.29)**
Occupational category
Managerial and professional	1.00	1.00
White collar	0.91 (0.76–1.08)	0.96 (0.82–1.12)
Sales and services	0.89 (0.77–1.04)	1.09 (0.94–1.26)
Skilled blue collar	1.59 (1.38–1.83)**	1.74 (1.47–2.05)**
Unskilled and others	1.60 (1.35–1.90)**	1.41 (1.19–1.67)**
Shift type
Non‐shift	1.00	1.00
Shift	0.96 (0.84–1.10)	1.21 (1.04–1.40)*
Work hours (per wk)
30‐47 (full‐time workers)	1.00	1.00
<30 (part‐time workers)	1.34 (1.16–1.55)**	1.26 (1.14–1.39)**
≥48 (overtime workers)	1.01 (0.92–1.09)	1.04 (0.96–1.13)**
No answer	0.99 (0.74–1.33)	1.42 (1.08–1.88)**
Perceived job stress
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	1.26 (1.16–1.37)**	1.12 (1.03–1.21)**
Physical demands
Low	1.00	1.00
High	1.50 (1.38–1.62)**	1.54 (1.44–1.65)**
No answer	1.41 (1.08–1.85)*	1.48 (1.15–1.91)**
Childcare demands
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	1.51 (1.28–1.78)**	1.10 (0.99–1.22)
Domestic demands
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	1.16 (1.03–1.31)*	1.22 (1.12–1.33)**
Eldercare demands
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	0.88 (0.58–1.33)	1.24 (1.02–1.52)*
Work‐life conflict
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	1.24 (1.14–1.35)**	1.18 (1.10–1.27)**

^aIn the survey year, the exchange rate was 1000 KRW = 0.94 USD. Odds ratios were adjusted for age, family type, and all other variables in the Table 1.

^* P < .05

^** P < .01.