Table 1.
Pre-Treatment Sample and Demographic Variables
| Variable | ICT (n=29) | CET (n=25) | Cohen’s d | BF01 | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | ||||
| Gender (Girls/Boys) | 8/21 | 4/21 | -- | 2.25 | .31, ns | ||
| Age | 10.07 | 1.46 | 10.23 | 1.39 | −0.10 | 3.39 | .68, ns |
| SES | 49.48 | 9.46 | 45.08 | 12.70 | 0.30 | 1.79 | .20, ns |
| WISC-V VCI | 105.93 | 12.29 | 103.16 | 12.42 | 0.18 | 2.75 | .42, ns |
| Medication (No/Yes) | 20/9 | 15/10 | -- | 2.53 | .49, ns | ||
| Race/ethnicity (W/B/H/M) | 20/4/3/2 | 20/1/3/1 | -- | 13.64 | .61, ns | ||
| ADHD Presentation (I/H/C) | 9/1/19 | 6/1/18 | -- | 11.14 | .85, ns | ||
| Comorbidity (No/Yes) | 16/13 | 11/14 | -- | 9.77 | .79, ns | ||
| BASC-3 Attention Problems (T-score) | |||||||
| Parent | 67.00 | 7.34 | 69.60 | 6.04 | −0.32 | 1.61 | .17, ns |
| Teacher | 65.52 | 7.59 | 63.52 | 6.18 | 0.24 | 2.31 | .30, ns |
| BASC-3 Hyperactivity (T-score) | |||||||
| Parent | 66.52 | 13.01 | 73.52 | 10.86 | −0.49 | 0.58 | .04 * |
| Teacher | 62.45 | 11.09 | 62.84 | 13.80 | −0.02 | 3.62 | .91, ns |
| ADHD-RS-5 (T-Score) | |||||||
| Attention Problems (Parent) | 67.66 | 5.56 | 69.00 | 4.89 | −0.20 | 2.53 | .35, ns |
| Hyperactivity/Impulsivity (Parent) | 64.55 | 8.13 | 67.56 | 4.25 | −0.37 | 1.17 | .10, ns |
| Inhibitory Control Performance Data | |||||||
| Go/no-go Commission Errors | 3.10 | 2.04 | 2.80 | 2.52 | 0.11 | 3.30 | .62, ns |
| Stop-signal Commission Errors | 14.79 | 4.44 | 15.12 | 4.31 | −0.06 | 3.53 | .79, ns |
| Stop-Signal Reaction Time (ms) | 318.02 | 93.05 | 337.06 | 96.74 | −0.17 | 2.91 | .47, ns |
| Stop-signal Delay (ms) | 272.04 | 65.33 | 265.75 | 55.31 | 0.08 | 3.43 | .71, ns |
| Working Memory Performance Data (Stimuli Correct/Trial) | |||||||
| Phonological Working Memory | 3.21 | 0.68 | 3.20 | 0.45 | 0.01 | 3.64 | .96, ns |
| Visuospatial Working Memory | 2.29 | 0.70 | 2.40 | 0.41 | −0.14 | 3.05 | .51, ns |
| Actigraph-measured Hyperactivity | |||||||
| Go/no-go Task Hyperactivity (PIM) | 123.12 | 87.91 | 139.76 | 93.98 | −0.15 | 3.02 | .51, ns |
| Stop-signal Task Hyperactivity (PIM) | 100.26 | 57.32 | 87.27 | 83.15 | 0.15 | 3.01 | .50, ns |
| PHWM Task Hyperactivity (PIM) | 271.46 | 130.58 | 255.61 | 141.10 | 0.09 | 3.37 | .67, ns |
| VSWM Task Hyperactivity (PIM) | 187.65 | 113.09 | 167.99 | 89.20 | 0.15 | 2.97 | .49, ns |
| Paint Activity Hyperactivity (PIM) | 56.67 | 42.90 | 57.24 | 47.23 | −0.01 | 3.64 | .96, ns |
Note. Raw p-values are presented (uncorrected for multiple comparisons). BASC-3 = Behavior Assessment System for Children (T-scores); BF = Bayes Factor, BF01 is the odds ratio of the evidence favoring the null to the evidence favoring the alternative hypothesis. A value of 1 indicates that the data are equally likely under the null and alternative hypotheses, values >1 favor the null hypothesis that the groups are equivalent, and values ≥3 are considered statistically significant evidence of equivalence. BF10 can be computed as the inverse of BF01 (1/BF01); CET = Central Executive Training; ICT = Inhibitory Control Training; Medication Changes (Stop = Discontinued Medication During Study, No = No Changes Reported, Add = Started Medication During Study); ms = milliseconds; PH = Phonological Working Memory; Race/ethnicity (W = White, B = Black, H = Hispanic/English-Speaking, M = Mixed); Stop-Signal Reaction Time = iSSRT computed using the Verbruggen et al. (2013) integrated method; VCI = Verbal Comprehension Index (IQ; standard scores); VS = Visuospatial Working Memory.