Table 2:
Pooled incidence of adverse events for each drug using generalised linear mixed model
| Cohorts using the drug* | Adverse events†/patients using the drug | Pooled incidence of adverse events, random effect‡ (95% CI) | Pooled incidence of adverse events, fixed effect (95% CI) | Heterogeneity I2 statistics | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin | 8 | 4/723 | 0·6% (0·2–1·5) | 0·6% (0·2–1·5) | 0·0% |
| Ofloxacin | 22 | 71/6062 | 0·9% (0·4·2·1) | 1·2% (0·9–1·5) | 85·9% |
| Levofloxacin | 20 | 22/1012 | 1·3% (0·3–5·0) | 2·2% (1·4–3·3) | 81·6% |
| Clofazimine | 13 | 12/1712 | 1·6% (0·5–5·3) | 0·7% (0·4–1·2) | 69·4% |
| Bedaquiline | 14§ | 9/464 | 1·7% (0·7–4·2) | 1·9% (1·0–3·7) | 25·7% |
| Ethambutol | 33 | 124/6089 | 1·8% (1·0–3·3) | 2·0% (1·7–2·4) | 84·0% |
| Streptomycin | 17 | 34/1208 | 2·9% (1·3–6·2) | 2·8% (2·0–3·9) | 71·1% |
| Moxifloxacin | 27 | 30/904 | 2·9% (1·6–5·0) | 3·3% (2·3–4·7) | 38·0% |
| Amoxicillin-clavulanate | 23 | 21/695 | 2·9% (1·7–4·8) | 3·0% (2·0–4·6) | 11·5% |
| Clarithromycin | 16 | 18/457 | 3·3% (1·5–7·0) | 3·9% (2·5–6·2) | 47·2% |
| Imipenem and meropenem | 7§ | 9/158 | 4·9% (1·0–20·5) | 5·7% (3·0–10·6) | 14·4% |
| Pyrazinamide | 35 | 410/5141 | 5·1% (3·1–8·4) | 8·0% (7·3–8·7) | 93·4% |
| Cycloserine and terizidone | 40 | 337/7547 | 5·7% (4·1–7·8) | 4·5% (4·0–5·0) | 83·8% |
| Ethionamide and protionamide | 39 | 376/4627 | 6·5% (4·1–10·1) | 8·1% (7·4–8·9) | 92·9% |
| Kanamycin | 25 | 268/1995 | 7·5% (4·6–11·9) | 13·4% (12·0–15·0) | 86·8% |
| Capreomycin | 29 | 161/1932 | 8·2% (6·3–10·7) | 8·3% (7·2–9·7) | 45·1% |
| Amikacin | 23 | 235/4106 | 10·2% (6·3–16·0) | 5·7% (5·1–6·5) | 86·9% |
| Aminosalicylic acid | 35 | 532/2929 | 11·6% (7·1–18·3) | 18·2% (16·8–19·6) | 94·9% |
| Linezolid | 35§ | 140/783 | 14·1% (9·9–19·6) | 17·9% (15·4–20·7) | 67·6% |
| Thioacetazone | 3 | 103/719 | 14·3% (12·0–17·1) | 14·3% (12·0–17·1) | 0·0% |
*
A study done in a single country was considered as one cohort; a study done in multiple countries was divided into separate cohorts by country.
†
Adverse events were defined as those that resulted in permanent discontinuation of a drug.
‡
Generalised linear mixed model was used to pool the incidence of adverse events.
§
If a study or cohort only reported adverse events for specific drugs, the cohort was used in the meta-analyses for those drugs.