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. 2020 Jul 27;149:104417. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104417

Table 1.

Data from several studies on bovine leukemia virus. In some of the studies, there is a clear upward gradient of bovine leukemia virus presence from control to cancerous patients.

STUDY Breast Cancer Will Develop Control Country
Buehring 2015 [15] 59% 38% 29% USA
Schwingel 2019 [20] 30.5% 13.9% Brazil
Ceriani 2018 [24] 22.6% Argentina
Buehring 2017 [22] 80% 74.2% 41% Australia
Giovanna 2013 [26] 35.8% 45% Colombia