Table 1.

The efficacy of some mineral medicines.

Efficacy	Heat-clearing and Detoxifying	Eliminating Phlegm and Expectorant lung	Cough-cold and Qi-deficiency	De-dampness and anti-diarrhea	Hemostasis	Dispelling and eliminating dampness	Warming the wind kidney and inducing diuresis	Eliminating phlegm and diminishing swelling	Sedative and antispasmodic	Ulceration and toothache cure	Sterilization
Natural element					Copper, sulfur			Gold, silver			Silver, copper, mercury, sulfur
Oxide	Lead-oxide	Arsenic, pyrolusite, lithargyrum, lead-oxide		Limonite	Limonite, hematite	Magnetite		Pyrolusite, hematite, magnetite	Hematite		Arsenic, pyrolusite, lithargyrum, lead-oxide
Sulfide	Realgar, orpiment, galena, cinnabar	Galena, bornite		Realgar, orpiment	Cinnabar			Cinnabar	Cinnabar		Realgar, orpiment, galena, arsenopyrite, tinstone
Halide	Halite					Halite, chlorite		Carnallite, fluorite	Fluorite
Carbonate	Hydrocerussite, calcite	Azurite	Stalactite	Heteroclas	Calcite, dolomite, calamine	Azurite				Stalactite, calamine	Azurite, hydrocerussite
Sulfate	Gypsum, thenardite, chalcanthite	Chalcanthite	Gypsum	Melanterite, alunite	Melanterite, chalcanthite, alunite		Gypsum, thenardite,	Thenardite	Gypsum	Gypsum	Melanterite, alunite
Silicate	Talc		Vermiculite, quartz	Talc, muscovite, kaolinite, montmorillonite	Zeolite, kaolinite, muscovite, gypsum		Talc, hornblende, quartz	Kaolinite	Hydromica, vermiculite, quartz		Talc, montmorillonite
Other	Borax, niter	Borax			Mammalian skeletal fossils		Niter	Borax, niter	Mammalian skeletal fossils	Borax

Note: after Yan WD, Xu SG, Hu RB, Guo J, Lin BL. 2020. China Mining News. Application of mineral resources in medical and health industry (in Chinese).