Table 3.
Mean plasma fatty acid concentrations (μmol fatty acid/L plasma) in triglyceride fraction in control and maternal nutrient restriction (MNR) baboons, based on linear mixed models.
| GD120 | GD140 | GD170 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FETAL PLASMA | Control | MNR | p value | Control | MNR | p value | Control | MNR | p value |
| myristic (14:0) | 11.57 ± 5.32* | 9.65 ± 4.55 | 0.345 | 6.31 ± 3.17 | 6.55 ± 2.5 | 0.92 | 7.58 ± 8.92 | 3.52 ± 1.71 | 0.093 |
| palmitic (16:0) | 225 ± 93.95* | 195.54 ± 78.66† | 0.328 | 103.95 ± 43.26 | 123.54 ± 61.95 | 0.57 | 95.45 ± 70 | 69.02 ± 33.54 | 0.46 |
| palmitoleic (16:1 n-7) | 20.91 ± 19.15* | 19.35 ± 14.08† | 0.687 | 5.52 ± 2.96 | 5.95 ± 4.12 | 0.923 | 3.04 ± 2.08 | 3.03 ± 1.4 | 0.999 |
| stearic (18:0) | 52.52 ± 26.14 | 41.95 ± 23.7 | 0.401 | 41.73 ± 19.02 | 46.69 ± 40.5 | 0.731 | 38.13 ± 53.39 | 20.81 ± 10.36 | 0.247 |
| oleic (18:1 n-9) | 481.02 ± 182.26* | 405.54 ± 183.29 | 0.319 | 228.54 ± 131.6 | 302.42 ± 174.47 | 0.394 | 173.65 ± 116.5 | 128.92 ± 117.19 | 0.619 |
| linoleic (18:2 n-6) | 63.57 ± 35.44 | 53.68 ± 33.99 | 0.559 | 31.04 ± 22.25 | 55.87 ± 51.59 | 0.2 | 41 ± 40.43 | 28.83 ± 30.58 | 0.545 |
| α-linolenic (18:3 n-3) | 3.13 ± 1.84 | 2.94 ± 2.49 | 0.885 | 1.85 ± 2.7 | 3.07 ± 2.3 | 0.417 | 3.37 ± 3.63 | 1.32 ± 1.38 | 0.189 |
| γ-linolenic (18:3 n-3) | 4.21 ± 3.06* | 3.55 ± 0.84† | 0.237 | 0.92 ± 0.37 | 1.17 ± 0.42 | 0.69 | 0.64 ± 0.34 | 1.52 ± 0.89 | 0.185 |
| dihomo-γ-linolenic (20:3 n-6) | 3.92 ± 2.38* | 2.49 ± 1.5† | 0.008 | 0.72 ± 0.27 | 0.87 ± 0.36 | 0.812 | 1.5 ± 2.77 | 0.67 ± 0.17 | 0.192 |
| arachidonic (20:4 n-6) | 15.95 ± 6.44* | 15.83 ± 9.01† | 0.948 | 5.02 ± 1.06 | 5 ± 1.73 | 0.99 | 3.75 ± 2.11 | 4.43 ± 1.82 | 0.744 |
| eicosapentaenoic (20:5 n-3) | 1.41 ± 0.75* | 1.38 ± 1.13† | 0.894 | 0.05 ± 0.04 | 0.17 ± 0.22 | 0.642 | 0.28 ± 0.37 | 0.22 ± 0.06 | 0.833 |
| adrenic (22:4 n-6) | 1.9 ± 0.4* | 1.68 ± 0.67† | 0.176 | 0.68 ± 0.22 | 0.83 ± 0.33† | 0.4 | 0.5 ± 0.36 | 0.67 ± 0.3 | 0.366 |
| n3 docosapentaenoic (22:5 n-3) | 1.65 ± 0.47* | 1.43 ± 0.65† | 0.292 | 0.71 ± 0.33 | 0.79 ± 0.37 | 0.728 | 0.47 ± 0.28 | 0.42 ± 0.15 | 0.847 |
| docosahexaenoic (22:6 n-3) | 11.74 ± 4.38* | 11.69 ± 7.3† | 0.972 | 4.73 ± 1.11 | 4.3 ± 1.41 | 0.792 | 2.18 ± 0.95 | 2.37 ± 0.67 | 0.913 |
| n6 docosapentaenoic (22:5 n-6) | 3.1 ± 0.84* | 3.14 ± 1.46† | 0.902 | 0.74 ± 0.85 | 0.57 ± 0.74 | 0.646 | 0.56 ± 0.37 | 0.89 ± 0.23 | 0.417 |
| Total | 901.59 ± 319.3* | 769.83 ± 321.68† | 0.304 | 432.52 ± 216.43 | 557.79 ± 334.31 | 0.393 | 372.09 ± 233.84 | 266.65 ± 187.56 | 0.489 |
| GD120 | GD140 | GD170 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MATERNAL PLASMA | Control | MNR | p value | Control | MNR | p value | Control | MNR | p value |
| myristic (14:0) | 4.34 ± 2.87 | 7.87 ± 4.94 | 0.083 | 5.24 ± 2.87 | 9.62 ± 5.02 | 0.06 | 9.09 ± 4 | 7.22 ± 4.11 | 0.44 |
| palmitic (16:0) | 122.96 ± 51.39 | 128.33 ± 49.46 | 0.858 | 120.27 ± 42.36 | 155.61 ± 73.05 | 0.305 | 194.91 ± 107.07* | 179.32 ± 49.36† | 0.663 |
| palmitoleic (16:1 n-7) | 3.11 ± 1.72 | 4.25 ± 3.11 | 0.767 | 3.22 ± 1.52 | 6.16 ± 4.98 | 0.506 | 12.15 ± 11.53* | 4.83 ± 2.54 | 0.11 |
| stearic (18:0) | 33.81 ± 21.01 | 43.88 ± 26.78 | 0.424 | 39.12 ± 15.38 | 46.46 ± 31.52 | 0.61 | 46.86 ± 28.15 | 41.34 ± 12.26 | 0.712 |
| oleic (18:1 n-9) | 261.23 ± 183.6 | 276.57 ± 198.96 | 0.84 | 297.23 ± 158.84 | 312.43 ± 130.45 | 0.861 | 325.68 ± 240.01 | 304.86 ± 115.2† | 0.817 |
| linoleic (18:2 n-6) | 71.28 ± 48.83 | 61.92 ± 41.01 | 0.581 | 54.65 ± 26.37 | 62.59 ± 22.51 | 0.682 | 61.78 ± 49.54 | 72.13 ± 27.05† | 0.607 |
| α-linolenic (18:3 n-3) | 4.45 ± 3.7 | 3.5 ± 3.05 | 0.469 | 3.23 ± 1.53 | 3.6 ± 2.6 | 0.809 | 4.67 ± 5.46 | 3.99 ± 2.24 | 0.662 |
| γ-linolenic (18:3 n-3) | 1.2 ± 0.28 | 1.67 ± 0.96 | 0.409 | 0.86 ± 0.7 | 0.94 ± 0.46 | 0.906 | 2.23 ± 2.01* | 1.59 ± 0.7 | 0.339 |
| dihomo-γ-linolenic (20:3 n-6) | 0.85 ± 0.5 | 0.77 ± 0.42 | 0.883 | 0.54 ± 0.27 | 0.55 ± 0.31 | 0.995 | 0.72 ± 0.31 | 0.81 ± 0.34 | 0.886 |
| arachidonic (20:4 n-6) | 4.93 ± 0.92 | 4.47 ± 2.31 | 0.795 | 3.52 ± 1.75 | 3.3 ± 0.88 | 0.912 | 4.33 ± 2.21 | 3.92 ± 1.03 | 0.846 |
| eicosapentaenoic (20:5 n-3) | 0.62 ± 0.73 | 0.28 ± 0.11 | 0.142 | 0.07 ± 0.09 | 0.09 ± 0.1 | 0.938 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.26 ± 0.07 | 0.853 |
| adrenic (22:4 n-6) | 0.58 ± 0.3 | 0.45 ± 0.19 | 0.417 | 0.42 ± 0.2 | 0.48 ± 0.2 | 0.768 | 0.55 ± 0.4 | 0.66 ± 0.26 | 0.591 |
| n3 docosapentaenoic (22:5 n-3) | 0.98 ± 0.64 | 0.56 ± 0.24 | 0.046 | 0.96 ± 0.64 | 0.85 ± 0.3 | 0.653 | 0.76 ± 0.58 | 1 ± 0.51† | 0.337 |
| docosahexaenoic (22:6 n-3) | 3.13 ± 2 | 2.05 ± 0.88 | 0.446 | 3.86 ± 2.63 | 2.61 ± 0.8 | 0.439 | 4.06 ± 3.12 | 3.15 ± 1 | 0.59 |
| n6 docosapentaenoic (22:5 n-6) | 1.05 ± 0.57 | 0.8 ± 0.36 | 0.453 | 0.37 ± 0.5 | 0.41 ± 0.55 | 0.909 | 0.94 ± 0.58 | 1.13 ± 0.59 | 0.625 |
| Total | 514.53 ± 280.12 | 537.37 ± 292.97 | 0.859 | 533.59 ± 236.62 | 605.7 ± 246.81 | 0.623 | 668.93 ± 416.94* | 626.21 ± 197.92† | 0.779 |
Values expressed as mean ± SD
*
p value < 0.05 maternal vs fetal in control group
†
p value < 0.05 maternal vs fetal in MNR group