Figure 1.

Least Square Means for Echocardiographic Functional Parameters Across Time Periods Prior to Cardiomyopathy

Mean estimates (red open circles = cases; black filled circles = control subjects) with 95% confidence intervals (red bars = cases; black bars = control subjects) for categorical time periods prior to cardiomyopathy diagnosis (or index time for control subjects; denoted as time “0”) of (A) left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), (B) biplane Simpson’s derived ejection fraction (EF), (C) pulsed wave Doppler mitral E/A ratio, (D) pulsed wave Doppler-derived myocardial performance index (MPI), (E) left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), and (F) left ventricular wall thickness to dimension ratio. Shaded areas represent the same time period included in each category, with estimates and bars placed on the x-axis at the median time within the given period.