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. 2020 Jul 27;128(7):077009. doi: 10.1289/EHP6047

Table 1.

Characteristics of study participants (n=1,282).

Maternal characteristicsa Percentages Phthalic acidb Bisphenolsc Nonverbal IQd
Median P25, P75 Median P25, P75 Mean±SD
Age (y)
<20 2.0 109.2 65.4, 162.5 1.5 1.2, 2.6 94±15
20<25 11.5 85.5 61.9, 123.9 1.7 1.1, 2.8 94±14
25<30 26.8 82.6 52.1, 129.7 1.7 1.1, 2.8 102±15
30<35 42.9 84.7 52.5, 131.8 1.9 1.3, 2.9 104±16
35 16.8 85.8 54.5, 135.5 1.9 1.1, 2.9 104±13
Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2)
<18.5 2.5 88.6 45.4, 123.5 1.9 1.3, 3.1 102±16
18.5<25 69.8 79.9 51.1, 124.3 1.8 1.1, 2.8 103±15
25<30 19.1 95.6 58.2, 146.0 2.1 1.3, 3.3 100±15
30 8.6 95.0 67.7, 142.0 1.8 1.2, 3.0 98±17
Parity
 0 60.5 86.0 54.0, 133.9 1.8 1.2, 2.8 103±15
 1 28.2 79.9 52.5, 119.3 1.9 1.2, 3.0 102±15
2 11.3 88.2 54.2, 139.8 1.7 1.1, 2.8 98±15
Ethnicity
 Dutch 53.9 81.1 50.4, 131.8 1.9 1.2, 2.9 106±15
 Other-Western 12.4 78.2 52.9, 128.6 1.7 1.2, 2.5 102±14
 Non-Western 33.7 88.3 58.7, 132.9 1.8 1.1, 2.9 96±15
Educatione
 Low 18.9 95.2 65.0, 151.7 1.8 1.2, 2.8 96±15
 Intermediate 30.7 85.9 55.3, 137.0 1.9 1.2, 3.1 100±14
 High 50.4 76.2 48.8, 122.1 1.8 1.1, 2.8 106±14
Household income (euros/month)
<1,200 15.4 91.1 62.4, 135.9 1.6 1.1, 2.8 95±15
 1,200–2,000 17.0 86.9 56.2, 137.3 1.9 1.3, 3.0 100±15
>2,000 67.6 81.2 50.7, 127.4 1.8 1.2, 2.9 105±14
Marital status
 Married/living with partner 88.5 82.8 52.0, 128.9 1.8 1.2, 2.9 103±15
 No partner 11.5 96.2 67.7, 151.0 1.8 1.1, 3.1 99±15
IQ score
85 22.5 91.3 58.3, 145.5 1.9 1.1, 2.9 96±15
>85100 43.3 86.9 55.6, 134.8 1.8 1.2, 2.7 102±14
>100<115 17.9 79.3 50.8, 125.2 1.8 1.2, 2.8 105±14
115 16.3 72.9 47.3, 118.6 1.9 1.3, 3.1 107±16
Smoking
 No smoking during pregnancy 75.3 78.7 51.5, 122.7 1.8 1.1, 2.8 103±15
 Until pregnancy recognized 10.2 97.6 62.8, 140.1 2.0 1.4, 3.2 101±14
 Continued during pregnancy 14.5 105.6 71.2, 154.8 1.9 1.2, 3.1 97±15
Alcoholic beverage consumption
 No alcohol consumption 42.1 86.5 56.6, 137.6 1.8 1.1, 2.8 99±15
 Until pregnancy recognized 17.0 78.5 52.4, 132.7 1.7 1.1, 2.7 103±14
 Continued occasionallyf 35.2 85.5 51.3, 124.9 2.0 1.3, 3.0 105±16
 Continued frequentlyg 5.8 74.6 48.1, 129.7 2.0 1.4, 3.1 105±14
Infant characteristics Percentages Median P25, P75 Median P25, P75 Mean±SD
Sex of infant at birth
 Male 50.5 84.5 52.6, 130.7 1.9 1.2, 3.0 102±16
 Female 49.5 84.1 53.7, 132.3 1.7 1.2, 2.7 101±15

Note: BMI, body mass index; IQ, intelligence quotient; P, percentile; SD, standard deviation.

a

There were missing observations for BMI (n=157), parity (n=8), ethnicity (n=13), education (n=60), household income (n=193), marital status (n=69), maternal IQ (n=34), smoking (n=132), and alcohol consumption (n=91).

b

Average total phthalic acid in micrograms per gram creatinine by category of characteristics.

c

Average total bisphenols in micrograms per gram creatinine by category of characteristics.

d

Nonverbal IQ by category of characteristics.

e

Low: no education finished, primary education, lower vocational training, intermediate general school or <3y at general secondary school. Intermediate: 3y of secondary education, intermediate vocational training or first year of higher vocational training. High: University degree or higher vocational training.

f

Less than 1 glass/wk.

g

One or more glasses/wk for at least two trimesters.