Table 5. Comparison of risk of HCC development among cirrhosis patients according to perioda .
| Periods of cirrhosis diagnosis | No. of patients | No. with HCC | HRb | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients (including HBV+HCV, other causes of cirrhosis patients) | |||||
| 2000–2003 | 4,369 | 1,097 | 1 | ||
| 2004–2008 | 5,297 | 1,425 | 1.58 (1.44–1.73) | < 0.001 | |
| 2009–2012 | 4,339 | 1,494 | 2.45 (2.22–2.71) | < 0.001 | |
| HBV | |||||
| 2000–2003 | 2,375 | 750 | 1 | ||
| 2004–2008 | 2,551 | 895 | 1.72 (1.52–1.92) | < 0.001 | |
| 2009–2012 | 1,953 | 900 | 2.70 (2.39–3.05) | < 0.001 | |
| HCV | |||||
| 2000–2003 | 260 | 88 | 1 | ||
| 2004–2008 | 400 | 134 | 1.46 (1.05–2.02) | 0.021 | |
| 2009–2012 | 367 | 163 | 2.56 (1.84–3.55) | < 0.001 | |
| Alcohol | |||||
| 2000–2003 | 1,398 | 194 | 1 | ||
| 2004–2008 | 1,761 | 276 | 1.41 (1.13–1.77) | 0.002 | |
| 2009–2012 | 1,423 | 314 | 2.67 (2.13–3.35) | < 0.001 | |
| NAFLD | |||||
| 2000–2003 | 78 | 14 | 1 | ||
| 2004–2008 | 157 | 39 | 2.77 (1.14–6.72) | 0.024 | |
| 2009–2012 | 229 | 45 | 2.53 (1.03–6.19) | 0.042 | |
HCC = hepatocellular carcinoma, HR = hazard ratio, HBV = hepatitis B virus, HCV = hepatitis C virus, NAFLD = non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
aLimited to a maximum follow-up of 5 years to make each periods more directly comparable; bAdjusted by Cox proportional hazards analysis for age, sex, etiologies of cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis (defined as the presence of ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, gastroesophageal varices or hepatorenal syndrome), hemoglobin, platelet count, bilirubin, albumin, and alanine aminotransferase.