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. 2020 Jul 21;8:792. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00792

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Copyright © 2020 Gentile, Kourouklis, Ryoo and Underhill.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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TGFβ1-mediated differentiation of liver progenitor cell spheroids. (A) Cross sections of BMEL spheroids immunostained for OPN with increasing TGFβ1 dosage. (B) Mean OPN intensity of BMEL spheroids increased as TGFβ1 concentration is increased. Student t-tests were performed both against 0 ng/ml TGFβ1 (*P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001) and against the next lowest TGFβ1 concentration (^P < 0.05; ^^^P < 0.001). (C) An increase in TGFβ1 concentration leads to a decrease in spheroid cross-sectional area (D) Relative mRNA expression of OPN and HNF4a against TGFβ1 concentration. (*P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001 compared to 0 ng/ml TGFβ1 and ^P < 0.05; ^^P < 0.01 compared to next lowest TGFβ1 concentration).